{
  "abstract": "The use of cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) for the intracellular delivery of pharmaceuticals has progressed from basic research to global clinical studies. In this study, we investigated the effects of introducing l-homoarginine into the CPP oligoarginine on intracellular uptake and membrane permeability efficiency. We demonstrated that extending the arginine side chain by one methylene group (l-homoarginine) significantly increased the intracellular uptake of hexa-oligoarginine compared with extension of the main chain by one carbon atom (l-β-homoarginine). Incorporation of the l-homoarginine sequence improved the short-term stability of hexa-oligoarginine in fetal bovine serum. Furthermore, this strategy showed potential utility in boron neutron capture therapy; when used as an intracellular delivery vehicle, the l-homoarginine-containing peptide facilitated the intracellular delivery of therapeutic boron-containing agents and the effects of thermal neutron irradiation, resulting in increased cancer cell killing. These findings demonstrate that the introduction of l-homoarginine residues is an effective approach for improving the intracellular delivery efficiency and biological stability of CPPs.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 9,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Ryunosuke Taniyama"
    },
    {
      "name": "Daisuke Fujiwara"
    },
    {
      "name": "Yoshihide Hattori"
    },
    {
      "name": "Masataka Michigami"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kentarou Sakamoto"
    },
    {
      "name": "Tomoka Takatani-Nakase"
    },
    {
      "name": "Mitsunori Kirihata"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ikuo Fujii"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ikuhiko Nakase"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9dp60ndvnzhdm.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1248/bpb.b26-00374",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/bpb/49/9/49_b26-00374/_article",
  "id": "9dp60ndvnzhdm",
  "issns": [
    "1347-5215",
    "0918-6158"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/bpb/49/9/49_b26-00374/_article",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "jstage-journal",
      "medicine/pharmacology-toxicology"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "1312|RNA Interference and Gene Delivery"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7212247742",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/bpb/49/9/49_b26-00374/_pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-12",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9dp60ndvnzhdm.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:32Z",
      "native_id": "10.1248/bpb.b26-00374",
      "source": "jstage",
      "url": "https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/bpb/49/9/49_b26-00374/_article"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biochemistry",
      "origin": "openalex:1312|RNA Interference and Gene Delivery",
      "subfield": "molecular-biology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Highly-Efficient Cellular Uptake and Membrane Permeability of Cell-Penetrating Peptides via Introduction of Homoarginine Residues",
  "title_text": "Highly-Efficient Cellular Uptake and Membrane Permeability of Cell-Penetrating Peptides via Introduction of Homoarginine Residues",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:17:32Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9dp60ndvnzhdm",
  "venue": "Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin",
  "versions": []
}