{
  "abstract": "Objective: To evaluate the effects of cerebellar continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) in insomnia disorder (ID).\n\nMethods: In this randomized sham‐controlled trial, patients with ID received 2 weeks of active or sham cerebellar cTBS. The primary outcome was a ≥ 3‐point improvement in Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score after treatment. Secondary outcomes included changes in sleep, mood, and resting‐state fMRI.\n\nResults: Seventy‐two patients (51 women; mean age, 44.3 ± 11.6 years) were included in the intention‐to‐treat analysis. More patients in the active than sham group achieved a ≥ 3‐point PSQI improvement after treatment (75.0% vs. 33.3%; adjusted OR, 6.06; 95% CI, 2.17–18.50; p < 0.001). Active cTBS reduced PSQI scores versus sham both post‐treatment (adjusted mean difference, −3.34; 95% CI, −4.57 to −2.12; p < 0.001) and at 1 month (−3.70; 95% CI, −4.93 to −2.48; p < 0.001), and also improved Insomnia Severity Index, Hamilton Anxiety Scale, and Hamilton Depression Scale at both time points (all p < 0.01). Exploratory fMRI analyses identified several post‐treatment connectivity differences between groups, but only right amygdala–right orbitofrontal connectivity showed a significant group‐by‐time interaction (FDR‐adjusted p = 0.038). No serious adverse events occurred.\n\nConclusion: Cerebellar cTBS was well tolerated and promising for ID.\n\nTrial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05992285)",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 12,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xin‐Yao Liu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Dong Dong"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Chang‐Geng Song",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7689-5731"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yu‐Xuan Ma",
      "orcid": "0009-0009-8375-7247"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Dian‐Wei Wu",
      "orcid": "0009-0003-7077-5143"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xuan Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jian‐Min Hao"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Hui Li",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5330-1697"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jing‐Jing Zhao"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Geng‐Yao Hu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Feng Xia"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Wen Jiang",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-0612-2917"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9eg8g7nzj8ycm.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1002/cns.71231",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13697236/",
  "id": "9eg8g7nzj8ycm",
  "issns": [
    "1755-5930",
    "1755-5949"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/cns.71231",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Article"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2808|Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223655787",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13697236?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13697236",
  "pmid": "42929074",
  "published": "2026-10-01",
  "publisher": "Wiley",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9eg8g7nzj8ycm.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:19Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13697236",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/cns.71231"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:21:18Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42929074",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42929074"
    }
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2808|Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies",
      "subfield": "neurology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Cerebellar Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation for Insomnia Disorder: A Randomized Sham‐Controlled Trial",
  "title_text": "Cerebellar Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation for Insomnia Disorder: A Randomized Sham‐Controlled Trial",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:34:18Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9eg8g7nzj8ycm",
  "venue": "CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics",
  "versions": []
}