{
  "abstract": "The Neptunian desert is the scarcity of roughly $2$-$10\\,R_{\\oplus}$ planets on orbits of a few days. Atmospheric escape driven by stellar X-rays and extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) radiation may shape its lower boundary by stripping hydrogen-helium envelopes. Because M dwarfs and F-, G-, and K-type stars have different activity histories, present bolometric irradiation may not trace the cumulative high-energy dose that drives escape. We ask whether cumulative XUV yields a common boundary across spectral type and whether the convergence survives star-to-star variation in age and rotation. Using 1850 Kepler and TESS planets, Model for Rotation of Stars (MORS) activity tracks, and a global boundary model, we find that the offset between M dwarfs and FGK stars shrinks from $-1.065$ dex in bolometric flux to $-0.369$ dex for a common 5 Gyr median-rotation XUV history. Assigning plausible ages and initial rotations to individual hosts preserves the smaller XUV offset in every trial, with a median reduction of 69.1%. A common-period null yields comparable alignment. Cumulative XUV therefore substantially reduces the host-type dependence, but the present data do not establish a universal XUV threshold independent of orbital period.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2608.21285",
  "author_total": 1,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Qunfeng Jiang"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9ey8cmz6tsqcp.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2608.21285",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "9ey8cmz6tsqcp",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.21285",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "astro-ph.EP"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "3103|Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7204144299",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2608.21285",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-10",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9ey8cmz6tsqcp.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:29:06Z",
      "native_id": "2608.21285",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.21285"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "arxiv:astro-ph.EP",
      "subfield": "planetary"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Does Cumulative XUV Unify the Neptunian Desert?",
  "title_text": "Does Cumulative XUV Unify the Neptunian Desert?",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:29:06Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9ey8cmz6tsqcp",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}