{
  "abstract": "Temperature is a major factor influencing battery cycle life, with elevated temperatures generally accelerating capacity degradation. Here, we employed poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), a conductive polymer, as a binder to stabilize GaN anodes for long-term cycling at 55°C. The GaN anode with the PEDOT:PSS binder (GaN/PE) exhibits over a 40× increase in its electrical conductivity compared to the GaN anode with a conventional polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) binder (GaN/PVDF). The GaN/PE anode achieves a specific capacity of up to 855.3 mAh/g at 0.1 A/g, approaching the theoretical capacity of GaN (960 mAh/g) and approximately tripling the maximum capacity of the GaN/PVDF anode under the same operating conditions. In addition, the GaN/PE anode demonstrates long-term stability, retaining about 600 mAh/g after 500 cycles at 55 °C, while the GaN/PVDF anode achieves only half of that value after 500 cycles. Notably, previous reports on Si-based anodes operated within 45-70°C show a dramatic decrease in their capacity, remaining about 600 mAh/g after only 100 cycles. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations explain the long-term stability of the GaN/PE anodes through improved thermomechanical stability of PEDOT:PSS, with a thermal expansion coefficient less than half that of PVDF, suggesting the reduction of thermal expansion mismatch within the GaN/PE anode during high-temperature operation. Operando X-ray diffraction exhibits crystalline stability in the GaN/PE anode, with less crystalline degradation than the GaN/PVDF anode. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) further demonstrates the stability of the GaN/PE anode, showing a 10-ohm decrease in charge-transfer resistance (Rct) after 500 cycles, whereas the GaN/PVDF anode shows an over 10× increase in Rct. . Together, our study proposes a binder technology approach that stabilizes GaN anodes by mitigating thermal degradation, enabling long-term cycling stability in LIBs for high-temperature applications.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Materials Science and Engineering",
    "Carnegie Mellon University",
    "Department of Chemical Engineering",
    "Advanced Photon Source",
    "Argonne National Laboratory",
    "Department of Mechanical Engineering",
    "Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Thuy Thi Bich Tran",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-1836-7893"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Nicholas P. Hattrup"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3,
        4
      ],
      "name": "John S. Okasinski"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Renuka Hyderkhan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Gerald J. Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5,
        1
      ],
      "name": "B. Reeja Jayan"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9fezhv15xb82c.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.26434/chemrxiv.15009424/v1",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "9fezhv15xb82c",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://chemrxiv.org/doi/full/10.26434/chemrxiv.15009424/v1",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2208|Advancements in Battery Materials"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7214210620",
  "pdf_url": "https://chemrxiv.org/doi/pdf/10.26434/chemrxiv.15009424/v1",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-24",
  "publisher": "American Chemical Society (ACS)",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9fezhv15xb82c.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:21Z",
      "native_id": "10.26434/chemrxiv.15009424",
      "source": "chemrxiv",
      "url": "https://chemrxiv.org/doi/full/10.26434/chemrxiv.15009424/v1"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "source:chemrxiv",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Conductive Polymer Binder for Long-Term Stability of GaN Anode at Elevated Temperatures",
  "title_text": "Conductive Polymer Binder for Long-Term Stability of GaN Anode at Elevated Temperatures",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:17:21Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9fezhv15xb82c",
  "venue": "ChemRxiv",
  "versions": []
}