{
  "abstract": "The D-region ionosphere is sluggish in nature while responding to the incoming solar radiation. We study the altitude (h) profile of mid-latitude D-region response time delay (Delta t) during three chosen solar flares, namely, C5.2, M5.2, and X2.2 classes. We solve \"electron continuity equation\" numerically at each and every h to obtain Delta t-h profile. We investigate the 1) latitudinal variation (over both Northern and Southern hemispheres) and 2) seasonal variation (throughout the year) of Delta t-h profiles of each of these solar flares separately. We go over noteworthy variations of Delta t-h profile for both 1) and 2) with reasonably different results over different hemispheres. Also, we study some contrasting behaviours of Delta t-h profile of X2.2 class for both 1) and 2) in comparison to C5.2 or M5.2 classes. We conclude the outcome with possible explanations.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": "Journal reference: Chakraborty, S., Paul, R., Basak, T., Front. Environ. Sci., 28 November 2022, Volume 10 - 2022",
  "arxiv": "2609.29094",
  "author_total": 3,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Sayak Chakraborty"
    },
    {
      "name": "Rakhi Paul"
    },
    {
      "name": "Tamal Basak"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9g00kb43rb6qe.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2609.29094",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "9g00kb43rb6qe",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.29094",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "LicenseRef-arXiv-nonexclusive-1.0",
  "licence_label": "arXiv licence",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "astro-ph.EP"
    ],
    [
      "arxiv",
      "astro-ph.SR"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.29094",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-24",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9g00kb43rb6qe.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:24:11Z",
      "native_id": "2609.29094",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.29094"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "arxiv:astro-ph.EP",
      "subfield": "planetary"
    },
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "arxiv:astro-ph.SR",
      "subfield": "stellar"
    }
  ],
  "title": "On the altitude profile of lower ionospheric D-region response time delay during solar flares",
  "title_text": "On the altitude profile of lower ionospheric D-region response time delay during solar flares",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:24:11Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9g00kb43rb6qe",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": [
    {
      "doi": "10.3389/fenvs.2022.1020137",
      "pid": null,
      "relation": "published-as",
      "title": null,
      "venue": null
    }
  ]
}