{
  "abstract": "Cholestasis, a multi-faceted liver complication arising from an imbalance in bile production and secretion, can lead to damage in extra-hepatic organs, including the reproductive system. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of Livergol®, a silymarin-based drug, in the reproductive complications induced by experimental cholestasis in mature male rats. Twenty adults male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 5), including group 1 (control) remained untreated, group 2 (sham) underwent laparotomy and bile duct manipulation without ligation, group 3 (cholestasis) underwent bile duct ligation (BDL) to induce experimental cholestasis, and group 4 (cholestasis + Livergol®) received oral Livergol® (300 mg kg-1) for 4 weeks post-BDL. After the study period, testicular histopathology was evaluated using Johnsen's score and the Cosentino criterion. Epididymal sperm parameters, including count, viability, and motility, were also assessed. The BDL-induced cholestasis caused significant testicular damage, evidenced by a decreased Johnsen's score and an increased Cosentino criterion. It also led to a significant reduction in sperm count, viability, and motility. Treatment with Livergol® significantly ameliorated these effects, leading to a higher Johnsen's score, a lower Cosentino criterion, and marked improvements in all evaluated sperm parameters compared to the untreated cholestatic group. Oral administration of Livergol® effectively attenuates testicular damage and improves spermatogenesis and sperm quality in rats with experimental cholestasis. These findings suggest Livergol® as a promising protective agent against cholestasis-induced reproductive toxicity, likely due to the anti-oxidant properties of its active component, silymarin.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran",
    "Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Sevin-Sadat Shariatpanahi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Rahim Mohammadi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Ali Shalizar-Jalali"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Gholamreza Najafi"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9gnvhykxhqe97.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.30466/vrf.2026.2078938.5005",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13729900/",
  "id": "9gnvhykxhqe97",
  "issns": [
    "2008-8140",
    "2322-3618"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.30466/vrf.2026.2078938.5005",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-SA 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Article"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2721|Silymarin and Mushroom Poisoning"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7225264678",
  "pdf_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13729900/pdf/vrf-17-8-559.pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13729900",
  "pmid": "42979507",
  "published": "2026-08-15",
  "publisher": "Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9gnvhykxhqe97.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-07T12:22:37Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13729900",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.30466/vrf.2026.2078938.5005"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2721|Silymarin and Mushroom Poisoning",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Protective effect of Livergol® on reproductive complications in a rat model of experimental cholestasis",
  "title_text": "Protective effect of Livergol® on reproductive complications in a rat model of experimental cholestasis",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-07T12:22:37Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9gnvhykxhqe97",
  "venue": "Veterinary Research Forum",
  "versions": []
}