{
  "abstract": "We introduce ROCKETS (Rocket-driven Cluster Kinematics & Triggered Star-formation), a Gaia based programme investigating kinematic fingerprints of stellar feedback or rocket effect in young star forming regions. We analyse two young clusters with O-type stars enclosed by mid-infrared bubbles, Collinder 69 and IC 1396 as a methodological demonstration on two nearby benchmark regions. Co-moving candidates are selected within an astrometric ellipse defined by the median and median absolute deviation of Class I/II YSOs with Gaia data. For each star, we compute a relative proper-motion angle (RPMA) relative to the ionising source. In both regions the RPMA distribution shows a strong excess at RPMA $<15^{\\circ}$, corresponding to sources moving away from the respective ionising sources. We quantify this using the Rocket Effect Index (REI), finding $\\mathrm{REI}\\simeq 1.1$ for Collinder 69 and $\\mathrm{REI}\\simeq 1.7$ for IC 1396. When considering only Class I/II YSOs, the REI of both regions increases to $\\mathrm{REI}\\gtrsim 10$. Velocity-structure analysis of the sample shows that the RPMA $<15^\\circ$ subset has stronger positive pairwise expansion than the full co-moving population, providing additional support for the rocket effect. The outward-moving stars are not uniformly distributed; instead, their position angles are strongly anisotropic and preferentially aligned towards the bright-rimmed clouds. Gaia colour-magnitude diagrams show no strong age offset between sources moving outward and literature cluster members. The observed kinematic signatures support feedback-driven acceleration of gas and triggered star formation preferentially towards higher density regions of expanding bubbles due to the rocket effect.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2609.05272",
  "author_total": 8,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "R. Arun"
    },
    {
      "name": "G. Maheswar"
    },
    {
      "name": "Annapurni Subramaniam"
    },
    {
      "name": "Piyali Saha"
    },
    {
      "name": "T. P. Sudheesh"
    },
    {
      "name": "B. Shridharan"
    },
    {
      "name": "Blesson Mathew"
    },
    {
      "name": "Akhil Krishna R"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9gxgwdfyyvc75.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2609.05272",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "9gxgwdfyyvc75",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.05272",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "LicenseRef-arXiv-nonexclusive-1.0",
  "licence_label": "arXiv licence",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "astro-ph.GA"
    ],
    [
      "arxiv",
      "astro-ph.SR"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.05272",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-04",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9gxgwdfyyvc75.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:14Z",
      "native_id": "2609.05272",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.05272"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "arxiv:astro-ph.GA",
      "subfield": "galaxies"
    },
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "arxiv:astro-ph.SR",
      "subfield": "stellar"
    }
  ],
  "title": "ROCKETS I: Investigating the Impact of the Rocket Effect on Two Nearby Young Open Clusters Encased in Infrared Bubbles",
  "title_text": "ROCKETS I: Investigating the Impact of the Rocket Effect on Two Nearby Young Open Clusters Encased in Infrared Bubbles",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:19:14Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9gxgwdfyyvc75",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}