{
  "abstract": "We explore the properties of spatiotemporal solitons within nonlinear graded-index (GRIN) optical fibers, specifically addressing their formation, stability, and breathing dynamics. We solve the (3+1)-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation employing a semi-analytical variational approach, which leads to a set of reduced coupled ordinary differential equations describing the bistable bullet dynamics. The stability of these states is assessed using the Vakhitov-Kolokolov criterion and linear stability analysis within the Kantorovich optimization framework. The breathing dynamics of the optical bullets are investigated adopting the potential formalism, revealing an oscillatory behavior and self-imaging dynamics in GRIN fibers. The analytical results demonstrate strong agreement with full numerical simulations, validating the robustness of our theoretical model. Our research enhances the understanding of stabilizing self-repeated 3D optical structures, which is beneficial for the development of advanced photonic technologies.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2609.02374",
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Sonali Maity"
    },
    {
      "name": "Tiyas Das"
    },
    {
      "name": "Anuj P. Lara"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ashis Paul"
    },
    {
      "name": "Samudra Roy"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9j8jf8mqs4t52.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2609.02374",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "9j8jf8mqs4t52",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.02374",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "LicenseRef-arXiv-nonexclusive-1.0",
  "licence_label": "arXiv licence",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "physics.optics"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.02374",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-02",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9j8jf8mqs4t52.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:16Z",
      "native_id": "2609.02374",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.02374"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:physics.optics",
      "subfield": "optics-photonics"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Static and breathing dynamics of optical bullets in nonlinear GRIN fibers",
  "title_text": "Static and breathing dynamics of optical bullets in nonlinear GRIN fibers",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:16Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9j8jf8mqs4t52",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}