{
  "abstract": "Introduction:: Global orthopaedics includes collaborative efforts to improve clinical care, education, research, and capacity across international settings, with an emphasis on equitable, bidirectional, and sustainable partnerships. Interest in global orthopaedics among North American residents continues to grow, yet structured opportunities for clinical, educational, and research engagement in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) remain limited. This study evaluated the availability of global orthopaedic opportunities within residency programs and assessed resident experiences, perceptions, and interest in expanding these initiatives.\n\nMethods:: A cross-sectional survey was distributed to orthopaedic surgery residents in the United States and Canada through the Consortium of Orthopaedic Academic Traumatologists (COACT)-affiliated faculty and resident leads. Residents from postgraduate years 1 to 5 were eligible. Survey domains included prior global health experience, opportunities available at home institutions, resident satisfaction with existing resources, and interest in future global orthopaedic engagement. Descriptive statistics were performed.\n\nResults:: Thirty of 35 residency programs (85.7%) participated, with 299 of 300 residents completing the survey (99.7%). Forty-six respondents (15.4%) reported prior or current participation in global orthopaedic activities, most commonly through organized teaching or clinical experiences (50.0%), research collaborations (41.3%), and elective international clinical rotations (37.0%). Nearly one third of residents (30.1%) reported that their residency program offered no global orthopaedic opportunities. Residents expressed dissatisfaction with the availability of mentorship, elective international rotations, and global outreach opportunities at their home institutions. Despite limited access, interest in expanding opportunities in LMICs was notable, particularly for mentorship and guidance (73.2%), elective international rotations (72.9%), and collaborative research (54.8%).\n\nConclusions:: North American orthopaedic residents demonstrate substantial interest in global orthopaedic engagement that exceeds the opportunities currently available. These findings support expanding structured mentorship, international partnerships, and centralized networks such as COACT to facilitate sustainable global clinical, educational, and research opportunities during residency.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, Institute for Global Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California",
    "School of Medicine, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California",
    "Rush Medical College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois",
    "Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Martin Health, Stuart, Florida",
    "Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Harvard Global Orthopaedics Collaborative, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts",
    "Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas",
    "Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center-Houston, Houston, Texas",
    "Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada",
    "Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, Oregon",
    "Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California",
    "Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California",
    "Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island",
    "Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Columbia University, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York",
    "Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California",
    "Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Trauma, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina",
    "Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio",
    "Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York",
    "Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Washington, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, Washington",
    "Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California",
    "Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois",
    "Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin",
    "Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota",
    "Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Davis, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 25,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Madeline C. MacKechnie",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6619-9778"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Amr Turkmani"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Michael A. MacKechnie",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7830-638X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Finn Leschly",
      "orcid": "0009-0009-2063-2412"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Kiran Agarwal-Harding",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1485-5950"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "John R. Dawson",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-0401-1666"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "James F. Kellam"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "Sheila Sprague",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1466-8063"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "Zachary Working",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1768-1001"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        9
      ],
      "name": "R. Lor Randall",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-3660-774X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        10
      ],
      "name": "Joseph Patterson",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7494-7366"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        11
      ],
      "name": "Roman Hayda",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-0061-155X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        12
      ],
      "name": "Melvin Rosenwasser"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        13
      ],
      "name": "Scott C. Nelson",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0122-9304"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        14
      ],
      "name": "Malcolm Debaun"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        15
      ],
      "name": "Michael T. Archdeacon",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4171-0303"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        16
      ],
      "name": "Nirmal Tejwani",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8578-6556"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        17
      ],
      "name": "Reza Firoozabadi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        18
      ],
      "name": "Michael J. Gardner",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-5375-5157"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        19
      ],
      "name": "Ashley Levack",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9506-6322"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        20
      ],
      "name": "Paul Whiting"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        21
      ],
      "name": "Brandon J. Yuan",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-0175-1095"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        22
      ],
      "name": "Gillian Soles"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Theodore Miclau",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1975-2061"
    },
    {
      "name": "Taylor Ottesen"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9m949kqz91z9h.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.2106/jbjs.oa.26.00157",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13690454/",
  "id": "9m949kqz91z9h",
  "issns": [
    "2472-7245"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.2106/jbjs.oa.26.00157",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "0020"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Scientific Articles"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Survey Study"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2739|Global Health and Surgery"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223570206",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13690454?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13690454",
  "pmid": "42923941",
  "published": "2026-10-27",
  "publisher": "Wolters Kluwer Health",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9m949kqz91z9h.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:31Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13690454",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.2106/jbjs.oa.26.00157"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:33Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42923941",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42923941"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2739|Global Health and Surgery",
      "subfield": "epidemiology-public-health"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Assessing Resident Perceptions and Needs",
  "title_text": "Assessing Resident Perceptions and Needs",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:33:30Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9m949kqz91z9h",
  "venue": "JBJS Open Access",
  "versions": []
}