{
  "abstract": "The phytopathogen Pseudomonas syringae must enter the leaf interior through natural openings such as stomata to cause disease. Plants restrict pathogen entry into the leaf through non–self-recognition–driven stomatal closure. P. syringae counters this stomatal immunity by deploying a range of toxins and effectors. Here, we show that stomatal immunity in Arabidopsis thaliana is reinforced upon recognition of the ubiquitous P. syringae type III effector AvrE1 by the resistance protein CAR1. CAR1 expression is enriched in guard cells, and its activation prolongs the effective duration of stomatal immunity. We also show that CAR1 prevents the invasion of leaf tissue by natural isolates of P. syringae, demonstrating that stomatal immunity provides a broadly significant barrier to host accessibility by P. syringae that carry the conserved effector AvrE1.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada.",
    "Department of Horticulture and Crop Science; and Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.",
    "Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.",
    "Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution and Function, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada."
  ],
  "article_type": "Research Article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 8,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Tamar V. Av-Shalom"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yan Lai"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Racquel A. Singh",
      "orcid": "0009-0007-5648-1287"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Dora Yuping Wang",
      "orcid": "0009-0000-5095-0387"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Reid Gohmann",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8652-1074"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "David Mackey",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0891-3061"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Darrell Desveaux",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4270-2791"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        3
      ],
      "name": "David S. Guttman",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8479-3869"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9nz8xdtsrpwcb.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1126/sciadv.aei5129",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13733848/",
  "id": "9nz8xdtsrpwcb",
  "issns": [
    "2375-2548"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.science.org/doi/abs/10.1126/sciadv.aei5129",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Biomedicine and Life Sciences"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Plant Sciences"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Research Article"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "SciAdv r-articles"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": "PMC13733848",
  "pmid": "42981410",
  "published": "2026-11-04",
  "publisher": "American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9nz8xdtsrpwcb.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-05T00:20:34Z",
      "native_id": "10.1126/sciadv.aei5129",
      "source": "feed-science",
      "url": "https://www.science.org/doi/abs/10.1126/sciadv.aei5129"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-05T00:20:35Z",
      "native_id": "10.1126/sciadv.aei5129",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.aei5129"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-08T12:23:32Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13733848",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aei5129"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "heading:Plant Sciences",
      "subfield": "plant-biology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Effector-triggered stomatal immunity prevents leaf invasion by bacterial pathogens",
  "title_text": "Effector-triggered stomatal immunity prevents leaf invasion by bacterial pathogens",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-08T12:23:32Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9nz8xdtsrpwcb",
  "venue": "Science Advances",
  "versions": []
}