{
  "abstract": "APDS is a rare inborn error of immunity with comorbidity patterns that have yet to be characterized at a large scale. Using Epic Cosmos, a de-identified electronic health record database, we conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of 866 patients identified by structured diagnosis codes (ICD-10: D84.81; SNOMED: 793412000). Findings revealed that hypertension was coded as affecting 28.5% of the cohort, with age-stratified analyses demonstrating higher prevalence among younger APDS patients compared with age-matched non-APDS peers. Among patients aged ≤50 years, hypertension prevalence was 24.05% in the APDS group compared with 10.89% in the age-matched non-APDS population (prevalence ratio 2.21, 95% CI, 1.90-2.57, P < 0.0001). This association remained prominent in a more specific APDS sensitivity cohort in which the base population required an APDS diagnosis, alongside an allergy and immunology encounter. The findings of this paper provide large-scale characterization of APDS and identify hypertension, particularly among younger APDS patients, as a potentially underrecognized comorbidity that warrants further investigation.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University , Miami, FL, USA.",
    "Office of Human Research, Memorial Healthcare System , Hollywood, FL, USA.",
    "Division of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Joe DiMaggio Children's Hospital, Hollywood, FL, USA."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Brianna Santiago",
      "orcid": "0009-0000-5789-156X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jennifer Keelin",
      "orcid": "0009-0008-3682-3603"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Xiaoqi Sun",
      "orcid": "0009-0009-3835-1432"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Christopher Chang",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4397-5217"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9phs9egah89sc.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.70962/jhi.20250263",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13701131",
  "id": "9phs9egah89sc",
  "issns": [
    "3065-8993"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42929758",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "lcc",
      "RC581-607"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2403|Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223699897",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13701131?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13701131",
  "pmid": "42929758",
  "published": "2026-10-26",
  "publisher": "Rockefeller University Press",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9phs9egah89sc.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:22:01Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42929758",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42929758"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T14:21:14Z",
      "native_id": "01c8c6fcb1144c16aff2104e502a8830",
      "source": "doaj",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.70962/jhi.20250263"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "openalex:2403|Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders",
      "subfield": "immunology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Characterizing hypertension in activated PI3K delta syndrome: Findings from Epic Cosmos.",
  "title_text": "Characterizing hypertension in activated PI3K delta syndrome: Findings from Epic Cosmos.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-31T14:21:14Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9phs9egah89sc",
  "venue": "Journal of human immunity",
  "versions": []
}