{
  "abstract": "Background and Objectives:: Pulmonary inflammation is central to the pathogenesis of various respiratory diseases, driving the need for novel therapeutics. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a potent inflammatory trigger that induces proinflammatory cytokine synthesis via distinct signaling cascades. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory effects of recombinant TGF-Arazyme fusion protein on LPS-stimulated human lung A549 and MRC-5 cell lines.\n\nMaterials and Methods:: A gene construct fusing Arazyme with a non-mitogenic TGFα fragment was expressed, purified via Ni-NTA chromatography, and validated enzymatically. Cytotoxicity was assessed by MTT assay. Inflammatory cytokine levels (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10) were quantified by RT-PCR and ELISA. Anti-inflammatory efficacy was further validated in a murine (BALB/c) air pouch model infected with E. coli.\n\nResults:: At 20 μg/mL, the chimeric protein showed no significant toxicity in MRC-5 cells but dose-dependently reduced A549 viability (p<0.01). Co-treatment with LPS and the chimeric protein significantly downregulated proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) at both mRNA and protein levels (p<0.01, p<0.001), while increasing IL-10 (p<0.05). In the air pouch model, TGF-Arazyme reduced leukocyte counts by 48.3% (p<0.01), comparable to dexamethasone (51.2%).\n\nConclusion:: TGF-Arazyme exhibits both anti-inflammatory and selective cytotoxic properties, positioning it as a promising candidate for inflammatory lung diseases and lung cancer.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Applied Microbiology Research Center, Biomedicine Technologies Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran",
    "Molecular Biology Research Center, Biomedicine Technologies Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Roohollah Zarei Koosha"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Raheleh Halabian"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Mahdi Fasihi-Ramandi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Abbas Ali Imani Fooladi"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9qr8fk6dd6fmq.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.18502/ijm.v18i5.22871",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13738238/",
  "id": "9qr8fk6dd6fmq",
  "issns": [
    "2008-3289",
    "2008-4447"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.18502/ijm.v18i5.22871",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Article"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "1312|TGF-β signaling in diseases"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7219842723",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": "PMC13738238",
  "pmid": "42992172",
  "published": "2026-11-06",
  "publisher": "Tehran University of Medical Sciences",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9qr8fk6dd6fmq.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-09T12:23:15Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13738238",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.18502/ijm.v18i5.22871"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biochemistry",
      "origin": "openalex:1312|TGF-β signaling in diseases",
      "subfield": "molecular-biology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Anti-inflammatory effects of recombinant TGF-arazyme protein on endotoxin-inflamed lung cell lines",
  "title_text": "Anti-inflammatory effects of recombinant TGF-arazyme protein on endotoxin-inflamed lung cell lines",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-09T12:23:15Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9qr8fk6dd6fmq",
  "venue": "Iranian Journal of Microbiology",
  "versions": []
}