{
  "abstract": "Marine-derived polysaccharides have emerged as sustainable biomaterials for advanced drug delivery; however, the relationship between their molecular organization and drug release behavior remains insufficiently understood. In this study, chondroitin sulfate (CS) extracted from salmon bone was utilized to fabricate Ca²⁺-crosslinked nanogels for the controlled delivery of curcumin (Cur). The optimized nanogels exhibited a hydrodynamic diameter of 217.3 ± 15.6 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.25 ± 0.02, and a negative zeta potential of -26.9 ± 0.14 mV, indicating good colloidal stability. Comprehensive structural characterization via FT-IR and XRD indicated that the nanogel framework is stabilized by Ca²⁺-mediated ionic crosslinking and multi-point hydrogen bonding. Notably, XRD analysis revealed that while encapsulated curcumin primarily adopts an amorphous molecular dispersion, the emergence of a specific reflection at 2θ ≈ 14° suggests that a minor fraction adopts a locally ordered state stabilized within the nanogel microenvironment. The nanogels demonstrated a sustained biphasic release profile governed by anomalous (non-Fickian) diffusion (n = 0.711). Furthermore, in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, the CS-Cur nanogels showed significantly enhanced anti-inflammatory efficacy and high biocompatibility compared to free curcumin. These findings highlight salmon bone-derived CS as a sustainable, high-performance matrix for hydrophobic drug delivery, providing new insights into the role of cargo-induced structural organization in regulating therapeutic release and biological performance.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Nghia Do Hanoi 100000 Vietnam thuyttt@ich.vast.vn.",
    "School of Chemistry and Life Science, Hanoi University of Science and Technology 01 Dai Co Viet, Bach Mai Hanoi 100000 Vietnam."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Quang Van Ngo"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Nguyen Chi Nguyen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Hong Thi Pham"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Cuong Duc Ho"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Thu Thi Minh Quach"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Thuy Thi Thu Thanh",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-0535-947X"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9rb444jez9px3.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1039/d6ra06378k",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13636292",
  "id": "9rb444jez9px3",
  "issns": [
    "2046-2069"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42835591",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "3003|Advanced Drug Delivery Systems"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7220454024",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13636292?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13636292",
  "pmid": "42835591",
  "published": "2026-10-05",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9rb444jez9px3.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:10Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42835591",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42835591"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:3003|Advanced Drug Delivery Systems",
      "subfield": "pharmacology-toxicology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Salmon bone-derived chondroitin sulfate nanogels for controlled delivery of curcumin: release behavior, structural characteristics and anti-inflammatory efficacy.",
  "title_text": "Salmon bone-derived chondroitin sulfate nanogels for controlled delivery of curcumin: release behavior, structural characteristics and anti-inflammatory efficacy.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:10Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9rb444jez9px3",
  "venue": "RSC advances",
  "versions": []
}