{
  "abstract": "Accumulating evidence suggests an association between Helicobacter pylori infection and liver diseases; however, it remains unclear whether H. pylori or its extracellular products directly influence hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) biology. Here, we examined the effects of viable H. pylori, sterile H. pylori-conditioned supernatant (Hp-CS), and isolated H. pylori-derived outer membrane vesicles (Hp-OMVs) on HCC cells. H. pylori adhered to and invaded Huh7 and Hepa1-6 cells, increased Cyclin D1 expression, and enhanced the growth of tumors derived from bacteria-exposed Hepa1-6 cells in immunocompetent C57BL/6J mice. Hp-CS increased HCC cell metabolic activity, colony formation, migration, and invasion. Hp-OMVs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis. Exposure to Hp-OMVs increased HCC cell metabolic activity, colony formation, cell-cycle progression, and tumor growth in a syngeneic mouse model. Hp-OMVs also increased PI3K, AKT, and mTOR phosphorylation and elevated Cyclin D1 expression. The PI3K inhibitor LY294002 attenuated these molecular changes and reduced Hp-OMV-induced cell-cycle progression and colony formation. These findings show that H. pylori and its extracellular products promote proliferation-associated phenotypes in experimental HCC models. Hp-OMVs are biologically active extracellular components of H. pylori, and pharmacological inhibition supports the involvement of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling and Cyclin D1 upregulation in their growth-promoting effects.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China",
    "Laboratory of Infectious and Liver Diseases, Institution of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China",
    "Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 7,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Jun-Peng Zhou",
      "orcid": "0009-0008-5069-6567"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Xiao-Na Song"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Jiao Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Hui Huang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Han Chen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Hong Tang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Hong Li"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9tjer906w0wt8.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/ijms27219573",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "9tjer906w0wt8",
  "issns": [
    "1422-0067"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/27/21/9573",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2746|Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223790829",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-26",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9tjer906w0wt8.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:57Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/ijms27219573",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/27/21/9573"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2746|Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies",
      "subfield": "surgery"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Helicobacter pylori-Derived Outer Membrane Vesicles Promote Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Proliferation with PI3K/AKT/mTOR Activation and Cyclin D1 Upregulation",
  "title_text": "Helicobacter pylori-Derived Outer Membrane Vesicles Promote Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Proliferation with PI3K/AKT/mTOR Activation and Cyclin D1 Upregulation",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:57Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9tjer906w0wt8",
  "venue": "International Journal of Molecular Sciences",
  "versions": []
}