{
  "abstract": "Bariatric and metabolic surgery (MBS)—primarily sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass—provides a unique human model for evaluating how profound immunometabolic rewiring alters cancer susceptibility and therapeutic responsiveness. Beyond weight loss, post-surgical anatomical reconfiguration permanently reshapes the gut microbial ecosystem, alters enterohepatic bile acid circulation, and attenuates systemic meta-inflammation. This review synthesizes emerging evidence linking post-bariatric gut microbiota remodeling to innate immune activation, with a specific focus on its translational potential in gastrointestinal (GI) cancer immunotherapy. Mechanistically, post-operative shifts in secondary bile acids, short-chain fatty acids, and microbial pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) act through key innate sensors—including FXR, TGR5, AhR, and the cGAS-STING pathway—to reprogram tumor-associated macrophages from an M2-like immunosuppressive state toward an anti-tumor phenotype. These cellular adjustments promote dendritic cell priming, stimulate type I interferon production, and enhance CXCL11-dependent cytotoxic lymphocyte recruitment, thereby remodeling “cold” gastrointestinal tumor microenvironments. By deconstructing the multi-layered crosstalk across the gut–liver and gut–tumor axes, we outline a translational framework for leveraging non-surgical surrogates—including defined microbial consortia, engineered postbiotics, and targeted pattern-recognition receptor agonists—to overcome primary resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors in gastrointestinal malignancies.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University",
    "Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University",
    "Department of General Surgery, Nayong County People’s Hospital",
    "Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University",
    "Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive System Diseases"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Bingbing Shen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yi Luo"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Xinghong Tang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Zhongbao Hu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Qiujing He"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3,
        4
      ],
      "name": "Lun Wang"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9v29hykzeeew0.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3389/fimmu.2026.2004691",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "9v29hykzeeew0",
  "issns": [
    "1664-3224"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.2004691/full",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "1312|Gut microbiota and health"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7224016230",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.2004691/pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-27",
  "publisher": "Frontiers Media SA",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9v29hykzeeew0.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:17Z",
      "native_id": "10.3389/fimmu.2026.2004691",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.2004691/full"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biochemistry",
      "origin": "openalex:1312|Gut microbiota and health",
      "subfield": "molecular-biology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Bariatric surgery-induced gut microbiota remodeling and innate immune activation: implications for gastrointestinal cancer immunotherapy",
  "title_text": "Bariatric surgery-induced gut microbiota remodeling and innate immune activation: implications for gastrointestinal cancer immunotherapy",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:19:17Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9v29hykzeeew0",
  "venue": "Frontiers in Immunology",
  "versions": []
}