{
  "abstract": "The radionuclide palladium-103 ( ¹⁰³ Pd) has significant potential for use in targeted conversion electron and Auger electron radionuclide therapy. In this study, we synthesized a complex of ¹⁰³ Pd with the macrocyclic ligand DOTMP (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetramethylenephosphonic acid). In the complex, the Pd ²⁺ ions are coordinated by the macrocyclic nitrogen and phosphonate oxygen atoms. While ¹⁰³ Pd remains stably bound to the ligand, our results indicate that approximately 10% of the decay product, 103m Rh, is released from the [ ¹⁰³ Pd]Pd-DOTMP complex in PBS buffer. We evaluated the cytotoxicity of [ ¹⁰³ Pd]Pd-DOTMP and compared it with those of [ ¹⁷⁷ Lu]Lu-DOTMP, which emits β ⁻ particles, and [ ¹⁶¹ Tb]Tb-DOTMP, which emits both β ⁻ particles and Auger electrons. Since DOTMP complexes do not exhibit internalization and lack nuclear localization within cells, the cytotoxic effect of [ ¹⁰³ Pd]Pd-DOTMP is significantly lower than that of DOTMP labeled with the beta emitters ¹⁷⁷ Lu and ¹⁶¹ Tb, which emit β ⁻ particles over a longer range.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Geeva Prasanth Annamalaisamy"
    },
    {
      "name": "Magda Piątkowska"
    },
    {
      "name": "Monika Łyczko"
    },
    {
      "name": "Katarzyna Zawadzka"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ulli Köster"
    },
    {
      "name": "Aleksander Bilewicz"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9v434v77jpxfm.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-75359-6",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "9v434v77jpxfm",
  "issns": [
    "2045-2322"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-75359-6",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2741|Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry and Applications"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221140979",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-75359-6_reference.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-09",
  "publisher": "Springer Science and Business Media LLC",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9v434v77jpxfm.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:25Z",
      "native_id": "10.1038/s41598-026-75359-6",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-75359-6"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2741|Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry and Applications",
      "subfield": "imaging"
    }
  ],
  "title": "The 103Pd-DOTMP complex for conversion electron and Auger electron therapy of bone metastatic tumor cells",
  "title_text": "The 103Pd-DOTMP complex for conversion electron and Auger electron therapy of bone metastatic tumor cells",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:17:25Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9v434v77jpxfm",
  "venue": "Scientific Reports",
  "versions": []
}