{
  "abstract": "In this randomized survey of US adults (N = 972), public health messages explaining why antibiotics should be avoided for cold/flu symptoms reduced the desire for antibiotics for cold/flu symptoms. Social norm framing (62% do not vs 38% do) showed no significant effect on antibiotic intentions. Public communications should prioritize clear explanations.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Population Health Sciences, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine at University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.",
    "Division of Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine at University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.",
    "School of Psychology, Sport and Health Sciences, Faculty of Science and Health, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK.",
    "Division of General Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine at University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.",
    "Salt Lake City VA Informatics Decision-Enhancement and Analytic Sciences Center for Innovation, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.",
    "Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, UAB School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.",
    "Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA."
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 8,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Alistair Thorpe",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-5078-2715"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Julia E Szymczak",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-3230-8670"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Emely Luhan",
      "orcid": "0009-0000-5248-7170"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Madeline C Farrell",
      "orcid": "0009-0006-9759-618X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "William B Petty",
      "orcid": "0009-0003-8646-6361"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        3,
        4
      ],
      "name": "Valerie M Vaughn",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4362-7842"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        4
      ],
      "name": "Angela Fagerlin",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9192-2777"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5,
        6
      ],
      "name": "Rachael A Lee",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9701-8156"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9wse2s4kdsbqn.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1093/ofid/ofag664",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13684398",
  "id": "9wse2s4kdsbqn",
  "issns": [
    "2328-8957"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42909263",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2402|Antibiotic Use and Resistance"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221829353",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13684398?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13684398",
  "pmid": "42909263",
  "published": "2026-10-14",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9wse2s4kdsbqn.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:10Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42909263",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42909263"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "openalex:2402|Antibiotic Use and Resistance",
      "subfield": "microbiology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Effect of Social Norm Messages on US Adults' Antibiotic Use Intentions.",
  "title_text": "Effect of Social Norm Messages on US Adults' Antibiotic Use Intentions.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:20:10Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9wse2s4kdsbqn",
  "venue": "Open forum infectious diseases",
  "versions": []
}