{
  "abstract": "γδ T cells are a unique lymphocyte lineage that bridges innate and adaptive immunity through MHC-unrestricted recognition of phosphoantigens, lipids, and stress-induced proteins. Their tissue-resident subsets, shaped by Vγ/Vδ chain usage, play essential roles in barrier surveillance, tissue homeostasis, and host defense.This review synthesizes recent advances that fundamentally reshape our understanding of γδ T cell biology. We highlight two conceptual frameworks: (1) dual recognition modalities of γδ TCRs, distinguishing structurally resolved ligand interactions from functionally supported recognition; and (2) a developmental wave model in which TCR signal strength and transcriptional networks program effector fates. Mouse and human studies are presented in dedicated species-specific sections and tables, with explicit attention to species-specific nomenclature and evidence levels.We cover γδ T cell development, tissue-resident programs, antigen recognition mechanisms (including butyrophilin-mediated phosphoantigen sensing, antibody-like foreign antigen recognition, and intracellular self-protein recognition), and the dual roles of γδ T cells in infection, cancer, and chronic inflammation. Therapeutic applications—adoptive transfer, CAR-engineered cells, and extracellular-vesicle vaccines—are critically appraised against current clinical evidence.Finally, we identify major unanswered questions: the complete γδ TCR ligand repertoire, the mechanisms maintaining tissue residency, and the translational gaps between mouse models and human disease. This review provides a structured framework for understanding γδ T cells as pivotal connectors of innate and adaptive immunity.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Pediatrics, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University"
  ],
  "article_type": "review article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 2,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jiacheng Lou"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ning Zou"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9z5y56wx4qznz.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3389/fimmu.2026.1920627",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13681195",
  "id": "9z5y56wx4qznz",
  "issns": [
    "1664-3224"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1920627/full",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2403|T-cell and B-cell Immunology"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7220747840",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13681195?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13681195",
  "pmid": "42903631",
  "published": "2026-10-06",
  "publisher": "Frontiers Media SA",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9z5y56wx4qznz.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:15Z",
      "native_id": "10.3389/fimmu.2026.1920627",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1920627/full"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:57Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42903631",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42903631"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "openalex:2403|T-cell and B-cell Immunology",
      "subfield": "immunology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "γδ T cells: bridging innate and adaptive immunity in development, tissue residency, and disease",
  "title_text": "γδ T cells: bridging innate and adaptive immunity in development, tissue residency, and disease",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:19:57Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9z5y56wx4qznz",
  "venue": "Frontiers in Immunology",
  "versions": []
}