{
  "abstract": "Quantized vortices are a hallmark of superfluidity. They have proven to be an indispensable probe for systems ranging from superfluid helium to type-II superconductors. In ultracold two-dimensional (2D) Fermi gases, where phase fluctuations are enhanced and the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) mechanism governs the superfluid transition, their observation has remained elusive. Here, we report on the controlled creation of quantized vortices in a homogeneous 2D gas in the BEC--BCS crossover. By continuously tuning the velocity of two moving obstacles, we observe quantized steps in the absolute vortex charge. Matter-wave interferometry reveals the characteristic phase winding, quantized in units of $2π$. Measurements on 2D and 3D gases show a striking difference: only in 2D does the vortex number grow with temperature, reflecting thermal activation of BKT vortex pairs. Our approach provides evidence of fermionic superfluidity in 2D and offers a means to study BKT physics, vortex-controlled transport and resistance, as well as to detect unconventional superfluidity in spin-imbalanced 2D gases.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2611.05017",
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Artak Mkrtchyan"
    },
    {
      "name": "Hans Leonard Michel"
    },
    {
      "name": "Moritz von Usslar"
    },
    {
      "name": "René Henke"
    },
    {
      "name": "Cesar Raymundo Cabrera"
    },
    {
      "name": "Henning Moritz"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9z6dztg1aft30.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2611.05017",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "9z6dztg1aft30",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2611.05017",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "LicenseRef-arXiv-nonexclusive-1.0",
  "licence_label": "arXiv licence",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "cond-mat.quant-gas"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2611.05017",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-11-03",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9z6dztg1aft30.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-04T15:21:25Z",
      "native_id": "2611.05017",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2611.05017"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:cond-mat.quant-gas",
      "subfield": "amo"
    },
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:cond-mat.quant-gas",
      "subfield": "condensed-matter"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Vortices in a two-dimensional fermionic superfluid",
  "title_text": "Vortices in a two-dimensional fermionic superfluid",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-09T00:20:18Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9z6dztg1aft30",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}