{
  "abstract": "Background: Global gastric cancer burden and patient-level survival disparities are often examined separately. This separation limits understanding of how population-level age patterns relate to clinical presentation and prognosis. We used GBD 2021 and SEER as complementary evidence sources to evaluate global and regional burden and age-related survival disparities in gastric cancer.\n\nMethods: GBD 2021 estimates assessed incidence, deaths, and DALYs during 1990–2021 at Global, five SDI groups, and GBD-region levels. Numbers, age-standardized rates, 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs), and estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) were reported. An adenocarcinoma-focused SEER cohort diagnosed in 2000–2021 was evaluated across AYA (15–39 years), middle-aged (40–64 years), and older (>=65 years) groups using overall survival (OS), conventional cancer-specific survival, cumulative-incidence functions (CIFs), Gray tests, and cause-specific Cox models.\n\nResults: Global incident cases increased from 980,899 (95% UI 891,307-1,072,236) in 1990 to 1,230,233 (1,052,350-1,409,970) in 2021, whereas the age-standardized incidence rate declined from 24.76 to 14.33 per 100,000. The SEER cohort included 89,798 patients; OS and cause-specific cohorts included 89,622 and 88,109 patients. Compared with AYA, follow-up-averaged primary Model 2 associations for older adults were HR 1.73 (95% CI 1.66-1.79) for all-cause death and 1.52 (1.46-1.58) for gastric-cancer death. CIFs showed greater non-cancer mortality among older adults.\n\nConclusions: Gastric cancer remains a substantial population burden despite declining age-standardized rates. Complementary population-level and U.S. patient-level evidence indicates age-related heterogeneity in burden, clinical presentation, competing mortality, and survival associations. These observations support population-level burden reduction alongside age-aware clinical management.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University",
    "Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology",
    "Pediatrics Program, 2023 Cohort, The First Clinical Medical College, Kunming Medical University",
    "Peking University Cancer Hospital Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Jie Cheng"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Ruitong Sun"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yun Gong"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Die Fan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Lixing Wang"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9znywkc42c0vz.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3389/fonc.2026.1880227",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13727433/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "9znywkc42c0vz",
  "issns": [
    "2234-943X"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1880227/full",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Research"
    ],
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      "openalex",
      "2730|Global Cancer Incidence and Screening"
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  "openalex": "W7223058385",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1880227/pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13727433",
  "pmid": "42978639",
  "published": "2026-10-20",
  "publisher": "Frontiers Media SA",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9znywkc42c0vz.ris",
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    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:13Z",
      "native_id": "10.3389/fonc.2026.1880227",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1880227/full"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-04T15:20:46Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13727433",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13727433"
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2730|Global Cancer Incidence and Screening",
      "subfield": "oncology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Global and regional gastric cancer burden and age-related survival disparities: complementary analyses of GBD 2021 and SEER data",
  "title_text": "Global and regional gastric cancer burden and age-related survival disparities: complementary analyses of GBD 2021 and SEER data",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-07T12:20:37Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9znywkc42c0vz",
  "venue": "Frontiers in Oncology",
  "versions": []
}