{
  "abstract": "Polymeric gel fluid-loss reducers for water-based drilling fluids often undergo performance deterioration under combined high-temperature and high-salinity conditions. In this study, an organic-inorganic nanocomposite gel fluid-loss reducer, SiO₂@P-DAS, was synthesized through aqueous free-radical polymerization using N,N-dimethylacrylamide, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid, sodium styrene sulfonate, and KH-570-modified nano-SiO₂. The corresponding polymer gel without nano-SiO₂, P-DAS, was used as the control. FTIR results were consistent with the presence of modified nano-SiO₂ in the composite gel. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that its initial decomposition temperature increased from 245 °C for P-DAS to 252 °C for SiO₂@P-DAS. At a concentration of 3.0 wt%, the post-aging API filtrate volume of SiO₂@P-DAS was 3.8 mL, compared with 4.8 mL for P-DAS after aging at 220 °C for 16 h. Under HTHP conditions of 220 °C and 3.5 MPa, the corresponding filtrate volumes were 33.33 and 49.67 mL, respectively. SiO₂@P-DAS also maintained lower fluid loss under NaCl and CaCl₂ contamination. At 5 wt% CaCl₂, its post-aging API filtrate volume was 6.8 mL, 58.0% lower than that of P-DAS. In weighted drilling fluids with densities of 1.4-2.0 g/cm³, the post-aging API and HTHP filtrate volumes remained within 2.4-3.2 and 24.6-26.2 mL, respectively. Zeta-potential, particle-size, and filter-cake observations suggest that polymer adsorption and hydration, together with the contribution of modified nano-SiO₂ to particle packing and filter-cake continuity, improve filtration control. These results demonstrate the potential of SiO₂@P-DAS as a nanocomposite gel fluid-loss reducer for high-temperature and salt-contaminated water-based drilling fluids.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Co. Ltd., Beijing 102206, China.",
    "School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum-East China (UPC), Qingdao 266580, China.",
    "Project Department of Tight Oil and Gas Exploration and Development, PetroChina Southwest Oil & Gas Field Company, Chengdu 610051, China."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 10,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Luman Liu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Jingping Liu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yuan Geng"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ren Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Beiqiao Meng"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Shifeng Gao"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "He Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Zhe Xu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yi An"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yuanwei Sun",
      "orcid": "0009-0002-1857-3010"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/a1wmwa9qgtswd.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/gels12100895",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13704633",
  "id": "a1wmwa9qgtswd",
  "issns": [
    "2310-2861"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42929929",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2212|Drilling and Well Engineering"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7220393558",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13704633?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13704633",
  "pmid": "42929929",
  "published": "2026-10-03",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/a1wmwa9qgtswd.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:22:01Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42929929",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42929929"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [],
  "title": "Nano-SiO₂/Polymer Composite Gel Fluid-Loss Reducer for High-Temperature, Salt-Resistant Water-Based Drilling Fluids: Performance and Mechanism.",
  "title_text": "Nano-SiO₂/Polymer Composite Gel Fluid-Loss Reducer for High-Temperature, Salt-Resistant Water-Based Drilling Fluids: Performance and Mechanism.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:22:01Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/a1wmwa9qgtswd",
  "venue": "Gels (Basel, Switzerland)",
  "versions": []
}