{
  "abstract": "Cell membrane-coated nanoparticles (CNPs) are a potentially transformative biomimetic targeted-delivery platform, which can engage therapeutic targets through source-cell membrane protein functions or homotypic interactions. However, their therapeutic development is limited by the current inability to accurately resolve membrane coating completeness, and CNP particle-to-particle variation. Here, we introduce a STochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy (STORM)-based approach that resolves population composition and quantifies membrane coating coverage at the single-particle level. Applying it to dendritic cell membrane- and HeLa cell membrane-coated nanoparticles (DCmPs and HeLamPs), we revealed substantial heterogeneity within both particle types and a cell-type dependence of coating outcomes, corroborated by confocal imaging and flow cytometry. We also quantified membrane protein composition, including peptide major histocompatibility complex class I (pMHC-I) among DCmPs, and confirmed that DCmPs preferentially engaged antigen-specific T cells in coculture. This single-particle framework establishes a quantitative standard for CNP characterization, providing a foundation for quality control and rational design.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Syracuse University"
  ],
  "article_type": "New results",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 10,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "J. Blauser-Wilson"
    },
    {
      "name": "A. Zareein"
    },
    {
      "name": "S. Puth"
    },
    {
      "name": "S. S. Jadhav"
    },
    {
      "name": "R. Chen"
    },
    {
      "name": "A. M. Hernandez"
    },
    {
      "name": "A. A. Joseph"
    },
    {
      "name": "J. Zeng"
    },
    {
      "name": "J. L. Hougland"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Y. Wu"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/a1yj6d8v37gq4.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.64898/2026.09.28.755175",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.28.755175v1.full",
  "id": "a1yj6d8v37gq4",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.28.755175v1",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "biorxiv",
      "bioengineering"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2502|Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7214699818",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.28.755175v1.full.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-28",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/a1yj6d8v37gq4.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:25:08Z",
      "native_id": "10.64898/2026.09.28.755175",
      "source": "biorxiv",
      "url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.28.755175v1"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "biorxiv:bioengineering",
      "subfield": "systems-synthetic"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Single-Particle STORM Imaging Quantifies Coating Heterogeneity Among Cell Membrane-Coated Nanoparticles",
  "title_text": "Single-Particle STORM Imaging Quantifies Coating Heterogeneity Among Cell Membrane-Coated Nanoparticles",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:25:08Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/a1yj6d8v37gq4",
  "venue": "bioRxiv",
  "versions": []
}