{
  "abstract": "Background\n\nCaustic ingestion remains a preventable but persistent cause of morbidity in children. This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with caustic substance ingestion in children.Methods\n\nIn this case-control study, 122 children aged <18 years were included. Cases comprised 54 children with caustic ingestion referred to Mofid Children's Hospital between 2016 and 2022, while 68 randomly selected hospitalized children without esophageal burns served as controls. Sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics were collected using a validated checklist and compared between groups.Results\n\nMost cases were aged 1-5 years (40, 74.1%) and involved girls (22, 40.7%). Acid ingestion accounted for 31 cases (57.4%). Domestic problems were significantly more common among cases than controls (40.7% vs. 22.1%; P=0.029; OR=2.429, 95% CI: 1.103-5.350). Higher family income (>30 million IRR) was associated with lower odds of caustic ingestion (OR=0.412, 95% CI: 0.187-0.907). Most incidents occurred at home (72.2%) and while parents were present (90.7%). Child-resistant safety caps were absent in 92.6% of cases, and 61.1% involved substances stored in their original containers; these variables were not compared with controls.Conclusion\n\nDomestic problems and lower family income were significant risk factors for pediatric caustic ingestion. Socioeconomic support, parental education, safer household storage, and stronger safety regulations may help prevent these potentially avoidable injuries.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Pediatric Surgery Research Center, Research Institute for Children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.",
    "Pediatric Gastrointestinal Research Center, Research Institute for Children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 7,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Nasibeh Khaleghnejad Tabari"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Rosminasadat Moulaie"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Mehdi Sarafi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Gholamreza Ebrahimisaraj"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Amirhossein Hosseini"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Arameh Abbasian"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ahmad Khaleghnejad Tabari"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/a29cn4efy2fr2.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.22088/cjim.17.3.653",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13690161",
  "id": "a29cn4efy2fr2",
  "issns": [
    "2008-6164",
    "2008-6172"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42924366",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2711|Poisoning and overdose treatments"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223567206",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13690161?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13690161",
  "pmid": "42924366",
  "published": "2026-09-01",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/a29cn4efy2fr2.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:21:02Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42924366",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42924366"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2711|Poisoning and overdose treatments",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Risk factors of caustic agent ingestion in a single center in Tehran.",
  "title_text": "Risk factors of caustic agent ingestion in a single center in Tehran.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:21:02Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/a29cn4efy2fr2",
  "venue": "Caspian journal of internal medicine",
  "versions": []
}