{
  "abstract": "Introduction\n\nNegative affect, anxiety, and stress are common in individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN), but their momentary link to symptoms remains unclear. This review aims to (1) examine how negative affect, anxiety, and stress are associated with eating-disorder-related symptoms in the moment in individuals with AN and (2) explore how these concepts are conceptualised and measured across studies in this field.Method\n\nA systematic search following PRISMA-ScR guidelines was conducted across 11 databases. Eligible studies included individuals with a diagnosis of (atypical) AN, examined negative affect, anxiety, or stress, and reported outcomes related to AN symptoms.Results\n\nWe identified 95 eligible studies, which we categorised into retrospective self-report, qualitative, experimental, and daily life studies. Across experimental paradigms, negative affect was primarily examined in relation to disorder-specific cognitions. In daily life studies, negative affect was associated with binge eating and purging, while associations with restriction and physical activity were mixed. Mealtime anxiety was related to caloric intake. Stress investigated using general stress paradigms yielded mixed findings for eating-disorder behaviours, with notable divergences between subjective and physiological stress responses. Few studies directly compared negative affect, anxiety, and stress within the same design, limiting conclusions regarding their relative importance.Conclusion\n\nNegative affect, anxiety and stress are associated with disorder-specific cognitions and urges, though the translation into observable behaviour varies by context and subtype. Future research must address current gaps by adopting multi-modal assessments. Strengthening methodological consistency will be important for advancing the understanding of the interplay between affective states and symptoms in AN.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Mind-Body Research Group, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, Leuven, 3000, Belgium. robin.quagebeur@upckuleuven.be.",
    "Mind-Body Research Group, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, Leuven, 3000, Belgium.",
    "Department of Biomedical Data Science, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH, USA.",
    "Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH, USA.",
    "Center for Technology and Behavioral Health, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH, USA."
  ],
  "article_type": "review article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Robin Quagebeur",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2680-3069"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Emma De Schuyteneer",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6736-3998"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Elfi Vergaelen",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9229-6077"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2,
        3,
        4
      ],
      "name": "Emily K Presseller",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6854-1207"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Elske Vrieze",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-7766-9245"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/a36708g01sjtg.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1186/s40337-026-01744-1",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13723124",
  "id": "a36708g01sjtg",
  "issns": [
    "2050-2974"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42963783",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Review"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "3203|Eating Disorders and Behaviors"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7214083975",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13723124?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13723124",
  "pmid": "42963783",
  "published": "2026-09-23",
  "publisher": "BMC",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/a36708g01sjtg.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-02T03:21:43Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42963783",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42963783"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-04T12:21:47Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13723124",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-026-01744-1"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:3203|Eating Disorders and Behaviors",
      "subfield": "psychiatry"
    }
  ],
  "title": "The momentary associations of negative affect, anxiety and stress with symptoms in individuals with anorexia nervosa: a scoping review.",
  "title_text": "The momentary associations of negative affect, anxiety and stress with symptoms in individuals with anorexia nervosa: a scoping review.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-04T12:21:47Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/a36708g01sjtg",
  "venue": "Journal of eating disorders",
  "versions": []
}