{
  "abstract": "Predicting olfactory recovery after surgery for severe chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) remains challenging. To overcome the reliance on invasive tissue biopsies, this study aimed to identify non-invasive liquid biopsy biomarkers reflecting the deep mucosal inflammatory microenvironment, ultimately developing a point-of-care prognostic model. A \"tissue-to-secretion\" dual-cohort validation strategy was employed. A Random Forest (RF) algorithm screened deep-tissue proteomes (Luminex) in a discovery cohort (N = 67). An independent RF model evaluated non-invasive nasal secretions (Olink) in a validation cohort (N = 62). Bidirectionally convergent targets were assessed for continuous dose-response relationships with absolute olfactory improvement [Δ(visual analog scale)VAS] score at 6 months. A clinical-molecular nomogram was developed and internally validated using 1,000 bootstrap resamples. The tissue-based RF identified interleukin (IL)-17A as a core prognostic candidate. The independent secretion-based RF model also prioritized secretory IL-17A, achieving bidirectional convergence. While canonical Type 2 cytokines (IL-5, IL-13) lost predictive significance in secretions (P > 0.05), secretory IL-17A demonstrated a robust dose-response correlation (r = 0.334, P = 0.0003) and emerged as an independent protective factor for olfactory recovery ([odds ratio] OR = 1.408, 95% [confidence interval] CI: 1.03-2.03). The joint nomogram, seamlessly integrating baseline VAS and secretory IL-17A, yielded an optimism-corrected (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve) AUC of 0.793 (95% CI: [0.6908-0.9079]) with adequate calibration and substantial net clinical benefit. Through cross-compartment translation, we identified secretory IL-17A as a robust, non-invasive indicator of mucosal plasticity and olfactory reversibility. The derived joint nomogram provides an actionable framework for personalized pre-operative counseling and risk stratification in severe CRSwNP.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.",
    "Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Otorhinolaryngology Diagnosis and Treatment, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.",
    "Otorhinolaryngology Institute of Sun Yat-en University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.",
    "Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.",
    "Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of SunYat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.",
    "Department of Allergy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Otorhinolaryngology Institute of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.",
    "Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.",
    "Guangxi Hospital Division of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Nanning, China.",
    "Department of Otolaryngology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 12,
  "authors": [
    {
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        1,
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        3
      ],
      "name": "Hangtian Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
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        2,
        3,
        4
      ],
      "name": "Linlu Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
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        5
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      "name": "Tong Lu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
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        6
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      "name": "Yilin Hou"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
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      "name": "Yi Wei"
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    {
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      "name": "Wenhao Huang"
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    {
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        5
      ],
      "name": "Shaolin Liu"
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    {
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      "name": "Yanran Huang"
    },
    {
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        5
      ],
      "name": "Zhaofeng Xu"
    },
    {
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        7
      ],
      "name": "Jian Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
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        8
      ],
      "name": "Weiping Wen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2,
        3,
        5
      ],
      "name": "Hua Zhong"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/a36r591ntp3ja.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3389/falgy.2026.1978136",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13713674",
  "id": "a36r591ntp3ja",
  "issns": [
    "2673-6101"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42952741",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Research"
    ],
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      "openalex",
      "2733|Sinusitis and nasal conditions"
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  "openalex": "W7221834453",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13713674?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13713674",
  "pmid": "42952741",
  "published": "2026-10-14",
  "publisher": "Frontiers Media SA",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/a36r591ntp3ja.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T00:20:41Z",
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      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T12:24:11Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13713674",
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      "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/falgy.2026.1978136"
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2733|Sinusitis and nasal conditions",
      "subfield": "general"
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  ],
  "title": "Non-invasive prediction of olfactory recovery in severe CRSwNP: a cross-compartment translational nomogram based on secretory IL-17A.",
  "title_text": "Non-invasive prediction of olfactory recovery in severe CRSwNP: a cross-compartment translational nomogram based on secretory IL-17A.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-01T12:21:18Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/a36r591ntp3ja",
  "venue": "Frontiers in allergy",
  "versions": []
}