{
  "abstract": "Aim: We wanted to investigate whether the lipodystrophy (LD)-like phenotype increases mortality in type 2 diabetes. To this end we first developed and confirmed the triglyceride/BMI ratio (TBR index) as an inexpensive and widely available marker of the LD-like metabolic phenotype. The TBR index was then tested for association with all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes.\n\nResearch design and methods: Associations between TBR and mortality were assessed by Cox in 3 type 2 diabetes cohorts (n = 2137, n = 960, and n = 5060). A 20-SNP genotype risk score (GRS), associated with LD-like phenotype was investigated to identify the molecular basis of TBR variability.\n\nMain finding: In all cohorts, the highest TBR decile showed features of LD-like phenotype, including atherogenic dyslipidemia, lower BMI, worse glycemic control, insulin resistance, elevated gamma-glutamyl transferase, and hypoadiponectinemia. In the meta-analysis, decile 10 had higher mortality risk (HR = 1.46, P < .0001). Finally, in a subset of 1 of the 3 cohorts, the LD-like GRS was significantly associated with TBR.\n\nConclusion: The TBR is a novel, inexpensive and easily available marker that identifies a subgroup of type 2 diabetes patients with a LD-like phenotype, partly explained by genetic factors. Our findings help disentangle the heterogeneity of death risk in diabetes, refine diagnostic and follow-up algorithms and enable specific treatments for improving long-term outcomes in LD-like individuals.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 11,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Rosa Di Paola",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-5837-9111"
    },
    {
      "name": "Claudia Menzaghi",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7438-8955"
    },
    {
      "name": "Mario Mastroianno",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-3218-1646"
    },
    {
      "name": "Monia Garofolo",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2518-3187"
    },
    {
      "name": "Lucia Salvemini",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8776-9477"
    },
    {
      "name": "Daniela Lucchesi",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6747-5316"
    },
    {
      "name": "Salvatore De Cosmo",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8787-8286"
    },
    {
      "name": "Giuseppe Penno",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2834-4847"
    },
    {
      "name": "Philippe Froguel",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-2972-0784"
    },
    {
      "name": "Alessandro Doria",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-3830-4304"
    },
    {
      "name": "Vincenzo Trischitta",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1174-127X"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/a7ftxeap1d8df.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1210/jendso/bvag238",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13720639/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "a7ftxeap1d8df",
  "issns": [
    "2472-1972"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13720639",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "AcademicSubjects/MED00250"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Clinical Research Article"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Jes/4"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2712|Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7222947051",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13720639/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13720639",
  "pmid": "42964510",
  "published": "2026-10-19",
  "publisher": "The Endocrine Society",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/a7ftxeap1d8df.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T12:21:37Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13720639",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13720639"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-03T12:21:29Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13720639",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvag238"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2712|Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins",
      "subfield": "endocrinology-metabolism"
    }
  ],
  "title": "All-cause mortality in people with type 2 diabetes and lipodystrophy-like metabolic phenotype",
  "title_text": "All-cause mortality in people with type 2 diabetes and lipodystrophy-like metabolic phenotype",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-03T12:21:29Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/a7ftxeap1d8df",
  "venue": "Journal of the Endocrine Society",
  "versions": []
}