{
  "abstract": "Valorization of lignocellulosic waste into functional carbonaceous materials offers a sustainable approach for removing emerging organic contaminants from water. In this study, sawdust was directly carbonized at 300, 500, and 700 °C and functionalized with ferrocene (0.05–250 wt%) to produce composites for the removal of amoxicillin and Brilliant Blue R-250 under visible/simulated solar irradiation. The materials were characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM, UV–visible spectroscopy, optical band-gap analysis, and N ₂ adsorption–desorption. Among the prepared composites, S ₆ (25 wt% ferrocene) exhibited the highest apparent photocatalytic activity toward Brilliant Blue, whereas S ₄ achieved approximately 75–80% removal within 120 min. The degradation kinetics followed the pseudo-first-order Langmuir–Hinshelwood model (R ² > 0.98), indicating surface-mediated photochemical processes. Overall, Ferrocene@AC500 (1:1) and AC300 exhibited the best removal/degradation performance toward the investigated pollutants.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Safaa. R. Fouda",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-6115-3209"
    },
    {
      "name": "Abdullah S. Alnasser",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7198-3732"
    },
    {
      "name": "Mahmoud Radwan",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-3209-8386"
    },
    {
      "name": "Mahmoud Mahrous M. Abbas",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2061-4101"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/a8rpfk5zb7r87.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-71775-w",
  "fulltext_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-71775-w",
  "id": "a8rpfk5zb7r87",
  "issns": [
    "2045-2322"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-71775-w",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "lcc",
      "Q"
    ],
    [
      "lcc",
      "R"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2312|Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7222978390",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-71775-w.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-20",
  "publisher": "Springer Science and Business Media LLC",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/a8rpfk5zb7r87.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:31Z",
      "native_id": "10.1038/s41598-026-71775-w",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-71775-w"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T13:45:56Z",
      "native_id": "2684d0fcfa2d474ba07312c6c412309d",
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      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-71775-w"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "earth",
      "origin": "openalex:2312|Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal",
      "subfield": "hydrology-soils"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Eco-friendly valorization of agricultural sawdust waste for efficient elimination of dye and antibiotic contaminants from aquatic environments",
  "title_text": "Eco-friendly valorization of agricultural sawdust waste for efficient elimination of dye and antibiotic contaminants from aquatic environments",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T13:45:56Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/a8rpfk5zb7r87",
  "venue": "Scientific Reports",
  "versions": []
}