{
  "abstract": "Gastrodia elata Blume is used as both a food and a traditional medicine in East Asia. This study evaluated the lipid-lowering effects of G. elata fine powder (GFP) and the associated metabolic responses in Sprague-Dawley rats with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hyperlipidemia. Thirty-five rats were assigned to seven groups: a normal-diet control, an untreated HFD model, three GFP groups (150, 300, or 500 mg kg⁻¹ per administration, three times daily), and two positive-control groups receiving simvastatin or fenofibrate. Following a 6 week modeling period and a 2 week intervention, serum biochemical parameters, liver histology, and serum, urinary, and fecal metabolic profiles were assessed using biochemical assays, histological examination, and untargeted liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry. A separate cohort of six hyperlipidemic rats received gastrodin (25 mg kg⁻¹) for pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) analysis. Compared with the untreated HFD group, medium- and high-dose GFP improved serum lipid profiles, reduced serum aminotransferase activities, and ameliorated hepatic histopathological changes. Metabolomic profiling revealed 14 urinary, 8 fecal, and 16 serum metabolites whose HFD-associated alterations shifted toward normal-control levels following high-dose GFP treatment. The associated pathways included phenylalanine metabolism, taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, and the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Gastrodin exhibited a biphasic plasma concentration-time profile, whereas responses of five endogenous metabolic markers lagged behind systemic drug exposure. These findings support the short-term lipid-lowering activity of GFP in HFD-fed rats and its association with changes in amino acid, bile-acid-related, and energy metabolism.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University 215 West Heping Road Shijiazhuang Hebei 050000 China 29200696@hebmu.edu.cn 381155815@qq.com 2761795185@qq.com 29200709@hebmu.edu.cn woshixujingpu@126.com 40170049@qq.com 29000706@hebmu.edu.cn 27500012@hebmu.edu.cn lideqiang@hebmu.edu.cn.",
    "Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University 361 East Zhongshan Road Shijiazhuang Hebei 050017 China 17700941@hebmu.edu.cn."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 10,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Weiwei Xie"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Meijuan Liu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jiajun Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yuqian Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jingpu Xu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Chenyuan Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ye Yuan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yiran Jin"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yingfeng Du",
      "orcid": "0009-0004-1204-3814"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Deqiang Li",
      "orcid": "0009-0007-7229-4246"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/a97r47bavnfhh.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1039/d6ra07137f",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13684884",
  "id": "a97r47bavnfhh",
  "issns": [
    "2046-2069"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42910039",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Chemistry"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2736|Biological and pharmacological studies of plants"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223122241",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13684884?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13684884",
  "pmid": "42910039",
  "published": "2026-10-21",
  "publisher": "Royal Society of Chemistry",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/a97r47bavnfhh.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:10Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42910039",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42910039"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-07T12:23:37Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13684884",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1039/d6ra07137f"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2736|Biological and pharmacological studies of plants",
      "subfield": "pharmacology-toxicology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "LC-MS/MS-based metabolomics and PK/PD correlation analysis reveal the mechanism of hyperlipidemia treatment with Gastrodia elata fine powder.",
  "title_text": "LC-MS/MS-based metabolomics and PK/PD correlation analysis reveal the mechanism of hyperlipidemia treatment with Gastrodia elata fine powder.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-08T12:21:05Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/a97r47bavnfhh",
  "venue": "RSC advances",
  "versions": []
}