{
  "abstract": "PurposeTransplant-Associated Thromboticmicroangiopathy (TA-TMA) is a common complication after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) with poor prognosis. This study aimed to explore the role and the regulation of Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in TA-TMA. In addition, the effect of Ginsenoside Rg1 on TA-TMA endothelial cells was also explored.MethodWe constructed a TA-TMA endothelial cell model using plasma from TA-TMA patients. A TA-TMA mouse model was successfully constructed by upregulating the expression of HIF-1α using Dimethyloxallyl Glycine(DMOG) in the HSCT mice. AKT inhibitor MK2206 and STAT3 inhibitor stattic were applied to TA-TMA endothelial cells, and the expression of AKT/STAT3/HIF-1α axis was detected. Endothelial cells were divided into control group, TA-TMA group and TA-TMA+Rg1 group. The proliferation, apoptosis and related proteins expression of endothelial cells were detected.ResultsA-TMA plasma leaded to the toxicity of endothelial cells. The expression of p-AKT, p-STAT3, and HIF-1α/Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) was significantly increased in TA-TMA endothelial cell model. The expression of p-STAT3 and HIF-1α was significantly reduced when MK2206 was used. The expression of HIF-1α was significantly reduced when stattic was used. Rg1 reduced the toxicity of TA-TMA endothelial cells, as well as significantly reducing the expression of both HIF-1α and PAI-1. Furthermore, Rg1 also reduced the expression of AKT/STAT3/HIF-1α pathway.ConclusionThe expression of HIF-1α/PAI-1 was significantly increased in TA-TMA cellular and animal models. The AKT/STAT3/HIF-1α pathway was active in TA-TMA endothelial cells. Rg1 reduced the toxicity of TA-TMA endothelial cells, especially reducing the expression of HIF-1α and PAI-1.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": "Original Research",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 9,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Manzhi Wang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Tao Sun"
    },
    {
      "name": "Hai Zhao"
    },
    {
      "name": "Peng Gao"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ying Gao"
    },
    {
      "name": "Guoxia Zhang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Xiaoqing Yang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jianzhuang Guo"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ju Liu"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/a9c48fh34ew64.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3389/fimmu.2026.1764090",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "a9c48fh34ew64",
  "issns": [
    "1664-3224"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1764090",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "feed-journal",
      "biology/immunology"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-11-02",
  "publisher": "Frontiers Media SA",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/a9c48fh34ew64.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-02T06:20:21Z",
      "native_id": "10.3389/fimmu.2026.1764090",
      "source": "feed-frontiers",
      "url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1764090"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-02T12:23:23Z",
      "native_id": "10.3389/fimmu.2026.1764090",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1764090/full"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "feed-journal:biology/immunology",
      "subfield": "immunology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Ginsenoside Rg1 reduces endothelial cell injury in transplant-associated thromboticmicroangiopathy by regulating the expression of HIF-1α",
  "title_text": "Ginsenoside Rg1 reduces endothelial cell injury in transplant-associated thromboticmicroangiopathy by regulating the expression of HIF-1α",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-04T00:25:32Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/a9c48fh34ew64",
  "venue": "Frontiers in Immunology",
  "versions": []
}