{
  "abstract": "Background: Folate Receptor Alpha (FRα), encoded by the Folate Receptor 1 (FOLR1) gene, is expressed in many high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas, but the tumor-cell phenotypes contributing to soluble FOLR1 (sFOLR1) release remain unclear. This pilot study compared sFOLR1 and cytokine secretion across OVCAR-3 fractions enriched for CD133, EpCAM/CD326, CD90, and ABCG2/CD338. Methods: The parental OVCAR-3 culture was phenotyped by flow cytometry and separated into marker-positive and marker-negative fractions using CD133, EpCAM/CD326, and ABCG2/CD338 immunomagnetic selection. CD90-positive and corresponding negative fractions were isolated after indirect co-culture of OVCAR-3 cells with primary mesenchymal stromal cells. Paired fractions were cultured for 120 h, and sFOLR1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-10 were measured at 24 h intervals. Results: sFOLR1 release varied markedly by time and phenotype. CD133-positive and CD326-positive fractions showed time-dependent increases; CD90-positive maintained low, comparatively stable concentrations; and CD338-positive declined from a high early value, while the corresponding negative fraction increased. In CD133-positive and CD326-positive fractions, sFOLR1 tracked with VEGF and/or IL-6, whereas CD90-positive and CD338-positive fractions showed distinct, partly uncoupled cytokine patterns. Conclusions: These exploratory associations in a single cell line support further investigation of sFOLR1 and cytokine profiles.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Surgical Oncology and Gynecologic Oncology, ‘Iuliu Hațieganu’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania",
    "Department of Surgical Oncology, “Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta” Institute of Oncology, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania",
    "Tumor Biology Department, “Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta” Institute of Oncology, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania",
    "Department of Medical Oncology, “Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta” Institute of Oncology, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania",
    "Department of Functional Genomics, Proteomics and Experimental Pathology, “Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta” Institute of Oncology, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania",
    "Department of Pathology, “Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta” Institute of Oncology, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania",
    "Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, Mlynská dolina, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 10,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Andrei Pașca"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Eva Fischer-Fodor",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0898-0547"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Paul Milan Kubelac",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-7957-9796"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Ovidiu Bălăcescu",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-0253-7103"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Oana Baldasici"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Bogdan Pop"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Natalia Miklášová",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8682-1760"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Nicoleta-Monica Pașca",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4875-5897"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Cătălin Ioan Vlad"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Patriciu Andrei Achimaș-Cadariu",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-9928-5883"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/a9ep89pt8mbj7.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/biom16101462",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13702145/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "a9ep89pt8mbj7",
  "issns": [
    "2218-273X"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/16/10/1462",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2743|Ovarian cancer diagnosis and treatment"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7220909892",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13702145/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13702145",
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-01",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/a9ep89pt8mbj7.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:59Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/biom16101462",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/16/10/1462"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:21:34Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13702145",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13702145"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2743|Ovarian cancer diagnosis and treatment",
      "subfield": "reproductive-child"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Distinct sFOLR1 and Cytokine Secretion Profiles Across Marker-Enriched OVCAR-3 Ovarian Cancer Cell Subpopulations: A Pilot Study",
  "title_text": "Distinct sFOLR1 and Cytokine Secretion Profiles Across Marker-Enriched OVCAR-3 Ovarian Cancer Cell Subpopulations: A Pilot Study",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:21:34Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/a9ep89pt8mbj7",
  "venue": "Biomolecules",
  "versions": []
}