{
  "abstract": "IntroductionHemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) and macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) are life-threatening hyperinflammatory conditions. We aimed to characterize immune cell transcriptomic patterns in human MAS and investigate the therapeutic potential of albumin-fused IL-10 protein (SA-IL-10) in a MAS mouse model.MethodsWe performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on bone marrow and peripheral blood samples from patients with newly developed MAS caused by diverse etiologies. We generated paired Seq-Well single-cell transcriptomes from bone marrow and blood of patients with active HLH/MAS. In the absence of a contemporaneous control cohort, technology-matched public Seq-Well marrow and same-laboratory control blood were projected onto the frozen patient atlases as lineage context, not as a case–control comparison. We also evaluated the effect of SA-IL-10 in a CpG-DNA–induced mouse model of MAS.ResultsHuman scRNA-seq identified diverse immune cell populations, including dendritic cells, macrophages, and monocyte subsets. Canonical lineages in the public data were transferred to the expected patient states. Monocyte 1 and macrophage populations expressed transcripts encoding IL-10 receptor subunits and associated signaling molecules, although these findings reflect RNA abundance and do not establish functional responsiveness. Donor-level phagocytosis and interferon-γ programs showed no significant differences after multiple-testing correction. In the mouse model, SA-IL-10 treatment significantly improved anemia, leukocytopenia, splenomegaly, and liver dysfunction and was associated with reduced circulating interferon-γ levels and bone marrow macrophage abundance.ConclusionHuman scRNA-seq provides transcriptomic patterns in active HLH/MAS. The therapeutic effects observed in the mouse model support further investigation of SA-IL-10 as a potential treatment for MAS.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": "Original Research",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 23,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Wataru Fujii"
    },
    {
      "name": "Hideaki Sofue"
    },
    {
      "name": "Eiji Yuba"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jun Ishihara"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kevin Baßler"
    },
    {
      "name": "Anna Hasegawa"
    },
    {
      "name": "Tomoka Hiyama"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sara Komatsu"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kaito Nakamura"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ayae Tanaka"
    },
    {
      "name": "Satoko Arai"
    },
    {
      "name": "Reika Maezawa"
    },
    {
      "name": "Masafumi Arima"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kazuhiro Kurasawa"
    },
    {
      "name": "Takayoshi Owada"
    },
    {
      "name": "Yuri Kamitsuji"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nobuhiko Uoshima"
    },
    {
      "name": "Tsutomu Kobayashi"
    },
    {
      "name": "Hitoji Uchiyama"
    },
    {
      "name": "Shinsuke Mizutani"
    },
    {
      "name": "Junya Kuroda"
    },
    {
      "name": "Yutaka Kawahito"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kei Ikeda"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/a9m594rwdh0mh.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3389/fimmu.2026.1890134",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "a9m594rwdh0mh",
  "issns": [
    "1664-3224"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1890134",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "feed-journal",
      "biology/immunology"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-11-02",
  "publisher": "Frontiers Media SA",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/a9m594rwdh0mh.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-02T12:20:45Z",
      "native_id": "10.3389/fimmu.2026.1890134",
      "source": "feed-frontiers",
      "url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1890134"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-02T12:23:23Z",
      "native_id": "10.3389/fimmu.2026.1890134",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1890134/full"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "feed-journal:biology/immunology",
      "subfield": "immunology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Single-cell analysis reveals transcriptomic patterns in active macrophage activation syndrome and therapeutic potential of albumin-fused interleukin-10 in a mouse model",
  "title_text": "Single-cell analysis reveals transcriptomic patterns in active macrophage activation syndrome and therapeutic potential of albumin-fused interleukin-10 in a mouse model",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-04T00:25:32Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/a9m594rwdh0mh",
  "venue": "Frontiers in Immunology",
  "versions": []
}