{
  "abstract": "Quasi-periodic eruptions (QPEs) are recurring bursts of X-ray radiation originating from supermassive black holes (SMBHs). They are an unprecedented type of structured, high-amplitude SMBH variability, but the physical origins of their regularity, timescales, energetics, and emission are uncertain. We present new XMM-Newton observations of the QPEs in ZTF19acnskyy/\"Ansky\", constituting the deepest observations of individual bursts in any source thus far. The X-ray spectra reveal time-evolving P Cygni profiles comprising blueshifted absorption and redshifted emission from L-shell transitions of Fe XIX-XXIV, with column densities $N_H\\sim 10^{22-23}$ cm$^{-2}$ and bulk velocities of $|v_w/c|\\sim 0.2$, indicating relativistic mass ejections during each eruption. We construct a time-dependent analytical model of a wind turning on to self-consistently compute its evolving luminosity and ionization properties, and find that the light curve and spectral lines can be simultaneously produced by a wide-angle outflow with $\\dot{M}\\sim 10^{-9}-10^{-8}\\,M_\\odot$ s$^{-1}$ kinetically powering the X-rays with an efficiency of $L_X/\\dot{E}_K\\sim 0.1$. For a covering fraction $f_Ω\\sim0.5$, each eruption ejects $\\sim 10^{-3}\\,M_\\odot$ and $\\gtrsim 10^{49}$ erg of kinetic energy, setting an upper bound on the QPE lifetime of $\\lesssim1000$ bursts if the underlying mass reservoir is $\\sim1 M_\\odot$, and implying that the bursts may result in detectable multiwavelength signatures of reverberation and feedback. These measurements provide new quantitative constraints on QPE energetics, emission mechanisms, and the mass/energy they recycle into their circumnuclear environments, as well as an observational probe for direct comparison with physical models and hydrodynamical simulations of QPEs.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2608.28507",
  "author_total": 20,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Joheen Chakraborty"
    },
    {
      "name": "Erin Kara"
    },
    {
      "name": "Wenbin Lu"
    },
    {
      "name": "Brian D. Metzger"
    },
    {
      "name": "Peter Kosec"
    },
    {
      "name": "Riccardo Arcodia"
    },
    {
      "name": "Itai Linial"
    },
    {
      "name": "Olivia Aspegren"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ehud Behar"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sudip Bhattacharyya"
    },
    {
      "name": "Margherita Giustini"
    },
    {
      "name": "Lorena Hernandez-Garcia"
    },
    {
      "name": "Daniel Kasen"
    },
    {
      "name": "Giovanni Miniutti"
    },
    {
      "name": "Frits Paerels"
    },
    {
      "name": "Erwan Quintin"
    },
    {
      "name": "Claudio Ricci"
    },
    {
      "name": "Daniele Rogantini"
    },
    {
      "name": "Paula Sanchez-Saez"
    },
    {
      "name": "Fatima Zaidouni"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/aamkg6cjmxxye.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2608.28507",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "aamkg6cjmxxye",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.28507",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-SA-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "astro-ph.GA"
    ],
    [
      "arxiv",
      "astro-ph.HE"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2608.28507",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-01",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/aamkg6cjmxxye.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:26:03Z",
      "native_id": "2608.28507",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.28507"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "arxiv:astro-ph.GA",
      "subfield": "galaxies"
    },
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "arxiv:astro-ph.HE",
      "subfield": "high-energy-astrophysics"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Relativistic outflows power a quasi-periodic eruption: constraints on energetics, mass loss, and emission mechanisms",
  "title_text": "Relativistic outflows power a quasi-periodic eruption: constraints on energetics, mass loss, and emission mechanisms",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:26:03Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/aamkg6cjmxxye",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}