{
  "abstract": "Purpose: While increasing age is known to be associated with a greater prevalence of diagnosed diabetes, or diabetes awareness, period and cohort effects on diabetes awareness remains unclear. We estimated the age-period-cohort effects on diabetes awareness among community-dwelling Koreans using a mechanism-based approach.\n\nMaterials and Methods: Data from 3208979 2010–2023 Korea Community Health Survey participants were used for analysis. Age was grouped at 2-year intervals (19–20 to 99–100), period at 1-year intervals (2010 to 2023), and cohort at 5-year intervals (1910–1914 to 2000–2004). Diabetes awareness was defined as the self-reported doctor-diagnosed diabetes. Subgroup analyses stratified by household income, body mass index (BMI), sex, and region of residence were conducted. Sensitivity analyses with alternative age and cohort intervals and an analysis using the 2010–2023 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) diabetes prevalence data were conducted.\n\nResults: Age effect increased significantly after 40, peaking at the 77–78 interval [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 9.39, 95% confidence interval (CI) 8.45–10.44]. Period effect was significantly higher since 2011, peaking in 2023 (aOR 1.49, 95% CI 1.43–1.54). Cohort effect was significant in 1935–1959 (aORs 1.14–1.33) and 1985–2004 (aORs 1.12–1.35). The participants with high household income showed significant cohort effect in older generations, and the participants with low household income showed significant cohort effect in younger generations. The participants with BMI ≥25 kg/m2 showed significant cohort effect in younger generations. Analyses using different categorization intervals showed consistent results. Sensitivity analyses using KNHANES showed consistent age and period effects.\n\nConclusion: Age, cohort, and period effects significantly influenced diagnosed diabetes prevalence in the Korean community.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea .",
    "Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea .",
    "Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, Seoul, Korea .",
    "Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea ."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 7,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Horim A. Hwang",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-3616-0810"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Hyunsuk Jeong",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-5274-3816"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Jung-Wan Koo",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8306-0292"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Hun-Sung Kim",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7002-7300"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Sanghyuk Bae",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4995-6543"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Sun Jae Jung",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5194-7339"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Hyeon Woo Yim",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-3646-8161"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/abay9pc43shtv.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3349/ymj.2025.0645",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13713175/",
  "id": "abay9pc43shtv",
  "issns": [
    "0513-5796",
    "1976-2437"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.3349/ymj.2025.0645",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Article"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Public Health"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2712|Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7211967534",
  "pdf_url": "http://eymj.org/Synapse/Data/PDFData/0069YMJ/ymj-67-e59.pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13713175",
  "pmid": "42937146",
  "published": "2026-08-26",
  "publisher": "Yonsei University College of Medicine",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/abay9pc43shtv.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T12:23:34Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13713175",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.3349/ymj.2025.0645"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "heading:Public Health",
      "subfield": "epidemiology-public-health"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Age-Period-Cohort Analysis on Diabetes Awareness among Koreans: 2010–2023 Korea Community Health Surveys",
  "title_text": "Age-Period-Cohort Analysis on Diabetes Awareness among Koreans: 2010–2023 Korea Community Health Surveys",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-04T12:21:17Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/abay9pc43shtv",
  "venue": "Yonsei Medical Journal",
  "versions": []
}