{
  "abstract": "In this study, we fabricated Au-Bi heterostructures on a pencil graphite (GP) support to generate hydrogen from water splitting under acidic conditions. Au particles, with their electronically filled 5d band, and Bi particles, known for their strong tendency toward surface oxide formation, exhibit limited intrinsic activity toward the HER. Remarkably, their integration produces an Au-Bi@GP electrode with substantially boosted hydrogen-evolution activity compared with the corresponding individual components. The Au@GP and Bi@GP electrodes require 486 mV and 442 mV to attain a 10 mA cm⁻² current, respectively. But, while Au and Bi particles are integrated on the GP surface, the resultant Au-Bi@GP electrode requires only 139 mV to achieve the same current intensity showcasing its efficient hydrogen production. A Tafel slope of 141.4 mV dec⁻¹ indicates that the HER is governed by the Volmer step indicating proton adsorption as the rate-limiting process. The electrode showed stable HER performance with negligible loss after 25 h of chronoamperometry test and 1000 voltametric runs. These results reveal an intriguing 'inert-to-active' transformation arising from the integration of two naturally sluggish HER (Au and Bi) elements and highlight interfacial engineering as an auspicious strategy for developing unconventional electrocatalysts for acidic hydrogen generation.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Electrochemistry & Catalysis Research Laboratory (ECRL), Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology Sylhet-3114 Bangladesh mah-che@sust.edu.",
    "Advanced Materials and Nano-Research Centre (AMNRC), Najran University Najran 11001 Saudi Arabia faharraz@nu.edu.sa.",
    "Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Najran University Najran 11001 Saudi Arabia.",
    "Center for Nanotechnology, Department of Natural Sciences, Coppin State University 2500 W. North Ave. Baltimore MD 21216 USA.",
    "Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University Ames Iowa 50011 USA.",
    "Advanced Polymer Laboratory, Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Government College of Engineering and Leather Technology (Post-Graduate) Kolkata 700106 West Bengal India."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 11,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Kazi Hamidur Rashid"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Nure Alam Siddique",
      "orcid": "0009-0002-8782-7598"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Rehana Akter"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Jahir Ahmed"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "M Faisal"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Jari S Algethami"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Farid A Harraz"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Jamal Uddin",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-6714-9286"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Md Musfiqur Rahman"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Nayan Ranjan Singha",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0219-1790"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Mohammad A Hasnat",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9441-3986"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ack14y1ks5qs2.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1039/d6ra08299h",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13679147",
  "id": "ack14y1ks5qs2",
  "issns": [
    "2046-2069"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42899162",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Chemistry"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2105|Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7222934067",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13679147?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13679147",
  "pmid": "42899162",
  "published": "2026-10-19",
  "publisher": "Royal Society of Chemistry",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ack14y1ks5qs2.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:32Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42899162",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42899162"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-07T12:23:34Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13679147",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1039/d6ra08299h"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "openalex:2105|Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion",
      "subfield": "electrochemistry-energy"
    }
  ],
  "title": "From inertness to efficiency: immobilizing Au-Bi heterostructures on a graphite substrate to drive the hydrogen evolution reaction.",
  "title_text": "From inertness to efficiency: immobilizing Au-Bi heterostructures on a graphite substrate to drive the hydrogen evolution reaction.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-07T12:23:34Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ack14y1ks5qs2",
  "venue": "RSC advances",
  "versions": []
}