{
  "abstract": "Background: Inflammation is a common pathological feature underlying type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk and progression. Determining the roles of fatty acids and bioactive lipid oxylipin inflammatory mediators could inform T2D preventative efforts and therapeutic targets. Methods: Leveraging the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL), we evaluated cross-sectional and prospective associations of 81 oxylipins and polyunsaturated, monounsaturated, and saturated fatty acids with T2D. We assessed whether fatty acid levels differed at visit 2 by visit 1-prevalent T2D status and prioritized likely causal metabolites using Bayesian model averaging Mendelian randomization (MR-BMA). Results: Fifty-four fatty acids and oxylipins were associated with prevalent T2D at visit 1 (15,138 participants; 2,962 T2D cases), four of which (adrenic, dihomo-gamma-linolenic, tricosanoic, and lignoceric acids) were also associated with incident T2D by visit 2 (8,548 participants; 1,376 T2D events), though effects were attenuated for adrenic and dihomo-gamma-linolenic acids upon further adjustment for impaired glucose tolerance. Sixteen out of 28 fatty acids were significantly different at visit 2 between those with and without prevalent T2D at visit 1 (9,115 participants; 2,151 T2D cases), holding visit 1-measured fatty acid levels constant. MR-BMA prioritized one diHETrE oxylipin as a likely causal risk factor for T2D. Conclusions: Fatty acids and oxylipins showed complex patterns of association with T2D, including more associations likely reflecting overt disease processes in prevalent T2D, than incident risk-enhancing associations.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America.",
    "Department of Epidemiology, Border Health Research Center, UTHealth Houston School of Public Health, Brownsville Campus, Brownsville, Texas, United States of America.",
    "Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America.",
    "Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America.",
    "Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America.",
    "University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America.",
    "Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America.",
    "Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.",
    "Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America.",
    "Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.",
    "Department of Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.",
    "Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America.",
    "Department of Psychology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.",
    "American Heart Association, Dallas, Texas, United States of America.",
    "Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America.",
    "Department of Sociology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America.",
    "Sapient Bioanalytics, San Diego, California, United States of America.",
    "Departments of Psychology and Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States of America.",
    "Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America.",
    "Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America.",
    "School of Public Health, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, Nevada, United States of America."
  ],
  "article_type": "Research Article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 25,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Carolina G Downie",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6972-9981"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Heather M Highland"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Annie Green Howard"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Mona Alotaibi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Tali Elfassy"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Christina Cordero"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Jennifer E Below"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "Mercedes Carnethon"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "Susan Cheng"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        9
      ],
      "name": "Martha Daviglus"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        10
      ],
      "name": "Olga Garcia-Bedoya"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        11
      ],
      "name": "Robert Kaplan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        12
      ],
      "name": "Tasneem Khambaty"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        13
      ],
      "name": "Yilun Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        14,
        15
      ],
      "name": "Adam G Lilly"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Dan-Yu Lin"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        16
      ],
      "name": "Tao Long"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        17,
        18
      ],
      "name": "Frank J Penedo",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2780-0417"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Lauren E Petty"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        19
      ],
      "name": "Bharat Thyagarajan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        14
      ],
      "name": "Hsiao-Chuan Tien"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        16
      ],
      "name": "Mohit Jain"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        20
      ],
      "name": "Barrett M Welch",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-1304-2272"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Kari E North"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Christy L Avery"
    }
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  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/acnerzsn23njc.bib",
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  "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0360656",
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  "licence_label": "CC BY",
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  "native_subjects": [
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  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13704816?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13704816",
  "pmid": "42932322",
  "published": "2026-10-26",
  "publisher": "Public Library of Science",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/acnerzsn23njc.ris",
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      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:17Z",
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      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0360656"
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  "subjects": [
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      "origin": "plos:endocrinology",
      "subfield": "endocrinology-metabolism"
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  "title": "Evaluating associations of oxylipin metabolites and fatty acids with incident and prevalent type 2 diabetes in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL)",
  "title_text": "Evaluating associations of oxylipin metabolites and fatty acids with incident and prevalent type 2 diabetes in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL)",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:21:51Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/acnerzsn23njc",
  "venue": "PLOS One",
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}