{
  "abstract": "Soft X-ray shielding under stringent mass constraints is increasingly important for near-space aviation, small satellite platforms, and other weight-sensitive aerospace systems. Natural wood is an attractive lightweight and biobased structural core; however, its attenuation capability at keV range photon energies is strongly governed by bulk density. In this study, we enhance the soft X-ray shielding performance of natural wood by introducing a spray-deposited β-Ga2O3 particle-containing coating formed with a binder matrix. The transmitted X-ray intensity was quantified using a β-Ga2O3 Schottky barrier diode detector under 5.0 kVp irradiation. Three wood species with different bulk densities─cedar, oak, and birch, with densities of 0.289, 0.697, and 0.913 g·cm–3, respectively─were prepared with a fixed thickness of 1 mm. Cross-sectional scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy reveal the formation of an approximately 100 μm thick near-surface wood–inorganic hybrid region, in which Ga and O signals coexist within the coated wood structure. Compared with uncoated wood, the β-Ga2O3-containing coating consistently reduces the transmitted X-ray-induced current for all wood species, leading to improved shielding efficiency. Notably, cedar, the lowest density wood, exhibits the largest relative improvement after coating, indicating that a thin inorganic coating can effectively compensate for the intrinsically limited attenuation of lightweight wood cores while imposing only a modest mass penalty. These results demonstrate a practical wood–inorganic composite architecture for lightweight soft X-ray shielding and suggest that low-density wood substrates can provide a favorable mass–performance balance when combined with β-Ga2O3-based surface hybridization.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Korea Aerospace University , , ,",
    "University of Oslo , , P.O. Box 1048 Blindern, ,",
    "Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology , ,"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 11,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jiwon Kwak"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Sunjae Kim"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Soon-il Kwon"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Heejoong Ryou"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Dowon Lee"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Woo-Min Cho",
      "orcid": "0009-0004-0955-9481"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Hyun-Ung Oh"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Jin-Ho Kim"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Ji-Hyeon Park"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Dae-Woo Jeon"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Wan Sik Hwang",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0060-9348"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/acv4d6bkre44g.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1021/acsomega.6c05989",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13688483",
  "id": "acv4d6bkre44g",
  "issns": [
    "2470-1343"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://pubs.acs.org/acsodf/article/11/41/63096/5444225/Lightweight-Soft-X-ray-Shielding-in-Ga2O3-Coated",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2505|Radiation Shielding Materials Analysis"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7218867010",
  "pdf_url": "https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acsomega.6c05989",
  "pmcid": "PMC13688483",
  "pmid": "42923373",
  "published": "2026-10-03",
  "publisher": "American Chemical Society (ACS)",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/acv4d6bkre44g.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:39Z",
      "native_id": "10.1021/acsomega.6c05989",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://pubs.acs.org/acsodf/article/11/41/63096/5444225/Lightweight-Soft-X-ray-Shielding-in-Ga2O3-Coated"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:36Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42923373",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42923373"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "openalex:2505|Radiation Shielding Materials Analysis",
      "subfield": "materials-polymers"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Lightweight Soft X-ray Shielding in β-Ga2O3-Coated Natural Wood Evaluated Using a Ga2O3 Schottky Barrier Diode Detector",
  "title_text": "Lightweight Soft X-ray Shielding in β-Ga2O3-Coated Natural Wood Evaluated Using a Ga2O3 Schottky Barrier Diode Detector",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:20:36Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/acv4d6bkre44g",
  "venue": "ACS Omega",
  "versions": []
}