{
  "abstract": "Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoscale membrane-bound vesicles that mediate intercellular communication by transporting bioactive molecules, playing crucial roles in physiology and pathology. Recently, EVs have attracted considerable interest as drug delivery carriers for cancer therapy due to their biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, and intrinsic targeting capabilities. This review systematically summarizes EV biogenesis, classification, and characteristics, and thoroughly explores their applications in delivering chemotherapeutics, nucleic acids, and immunomodulators for cancer treatment. We emphasize engineering strategies to enhance EV targeting and therapeutic efficacy, including surface modification, cell source selection, and drug loading techniques. Additionally, we evaluate recent advances in overcoming tumor drug resistance and achieving combinational therapies, such as chemo-photothermal-immunotherapy, using EV platforms. Finally, we examine critical challenges hindering clinical translation, including standardized production, quality control, and scalable manufacturing. This comprehensive analysis aims to provide theoretical insights and practical guidance for developing EVs as next-generation drug delivery systems in cancer therapy.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of General Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi (Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University), Zunyi, 563000, People’s Republic of China",
    "School of Pharmacy, Henan University Kaifeng, Kaifeng, 475000, People’s Republic of China",
    "Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First People’s Hospital of Zunyi (Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University), Zunyi, 563000, People’s Republic of China",
    "Department of Nuclear Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, People’s Republic of China",
    "Laboratory Medicine, Guizhou Aerospace Hospital, Zunyi, 563000, People’s Republic of China",
    "Laboratory Medicine, PKUCare LuZhong Medical Center(General Hospital), Zibo, 255000, People’s Republic of China",
    "Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, People’s Republic of China"
  ],
  "article_type": "review article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 12,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Wenlong Huang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Jiaqi Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Juan Ma"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Changwei Yang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Linke Lu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Linli Chen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Jun Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Tianyu Yan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Ning Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Tao Qin"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Minghong Zhao"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Defa Huang",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8323-7585"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ade98xcvn3fcp.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.2147/ijn.s627425",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13729874/",
  "id": "ade98xcvn3fcp",
  "issns": [
    "1176-9114",
    "1178-2013"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.2147/ijn.s627425",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Review"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "1312|Extracellular vesicles in disease"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7224656097",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.dovepress.com/article/download/121581",
  "pmcid": "PMC13729874",
  "pmid": "42979202",
  "published": "2026-10-30",
  "publisher": "Dove Press",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ade98xcvn3fcp.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-07T12:22:36Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13729874",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.2147/ijn.s627425"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biochemistry",
      "origin": "openalex:1312|Extracellular vesicles in disease",
      "subfield": "molecular-biology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Extracellular Vesicles as Tailored Drug Delivery Systems in Cancer: Engineering Modifications and Therapeutic Synergies",
  "title_text": "Extracellular Vesicles as Tailored Drug Delivery Systems in Cancer: Engineering Modifications and Therapeutic Synergies",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-07T12:22:36Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ade98xcvn3fcp",
  "venue": "International Journal of Nanomedicine",
  "versions": []
}