{
  "abstract": "BackgroundSleep health and depression are multidimensional constructs, yet their shared determinants remain obscure. We aim to identify the key exposome factors in predicting sleep-related depression (SRD).\n\nMethodsWe integrated regularized canonical correlation analysis with machine-learning models within a nested cross-validation to identify a shared phenotype (i.e., sleep-related depression (SRD)) and to predict SRD from exposome factors in the UK Biobank (n = 64,781). The best-performing model was validated in an independent subsample at baseline and follow-up (n = 8,139) and in a clinical depression subsample (n = 3,046) to assess generalizability. Subsequently, we conducted complementary analyses to assess the exposomes role in other latent phenotypes of sleep and depression.\n\nFindingsWe identified a robust multivariate association between sleep and depression in GP1 (canonical r = 0.42). Exposome factors moderately predicted SRD (r = 0.25; 95% CI [0.25, 0.26]; R{superscript 2} = 0.06; 95% CI [0.06, 0.07]; rMSE = 1.11; 95% CI [1.10, 1.11]). The top predictors were less frequency of confiding in others, less vigorous physical activity, passive smoking exposure, and more sedentary television viewing. Out-of-sample validation of the predictive model showed similar patterns in GP2 at baseline, at follow-up, and in clinical depression subsamples. Similarly, less frequency of confiding in others and greater sedentary television viewing were the main predictors of other depression-related profiles, whereas less walking frequency and less time spent outdoors in winter predicted poor sleep-related profiles.\n\nInterpretationOur generalizable predictive model identifies critical modifiable predictors of the association between sleep health and depression that could serve as potential targets for personalized interventions.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain and Behaviour (INM 7), Research Center Juelich, Juelich, Germany"
  ],
  "article_type": "PUBLISHAHEADOFPRINT",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 14,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "W. Liu"
    },
    {
      "name": "V. Kuppers"
    },
    {
      "name": "H. Bi"
    },
    {
      "name": "M. Mahdipour"
    },
    {
      "name": "J. Wu"
    },
    {
      "name": "F. Samea"
    },
    {
      "name": "F. Hoffstaedter"
    },
    {
      "name": "K. Wolf"
    },
    {
      "name": "C. v. Gall"
    },
    {
      "name": "A. Ibanez"
    },
    {
      "name": "S. B. Eickhoff"
    },
    {
      "name": "S. Genon"
    },
    {
      "name": "S. M. Balajoo"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "M. Tahmasian"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/adn9mhh4ywqja.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.64898/2026.06.26.26356679",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.06.26.26356679v2.full",
  "id": "adn9mhh4ywqja",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.06.26.26356679v2",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "medrxiv",
      "psychiatry and clinical psychology"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "3205|Sleep and related disorders"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7166708783",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.06.26.26356679v2.full.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-06-26",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/adn9mhh4ywqja.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:47Z",
      "native_id": "10.64898/2026.06.26.26356679",
      "source": "medrxiv",
      "url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.06.26.26356679v2"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "medrxiv:psychiatry and clinical psychology",
      "subfield": "psychiatry"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Exposome factors predict the association between sleep health and depression",
  "title_text": "Exposome factors predict the association between sleep health and depression",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:47Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/adn9mhh4ywqja",
  "venue": "medRxiv",
  "versions": []
}