{
  "abstract": "Background/Objectives: Isokinetic testing is widely used after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), but isolated knee strength may not reflect function during braking, re-acceleration, and stabilization. This study examined relationships between isokinetic strength and vertical and multidirectional performance in professional football players after ACLR and compared asymmetry across functional domains. Methods: Eleven male professional players, 12–40 months post-ACLR and back in unrestricted training and competition, completed isokinetic concentric knee extensor and flexor strength testing, single-leg countermovement and drop jumps, and unilateral and bilateral forward and lateral jumps on 3D force-plates. Limb differences, strength–performance associations, bilateral contributions, and domain-specific asymmetry were assessed. Results: No operated–non-operated limb difference remained significant after Holm correction. Knee extensor strength was positively associated with drop-jump reactive strength index (ρ = 0.612), countermovement-jump height (ρ = 0.491), anterior–posterior braking impulse during forward hop-in (ρ = 0.382), and propulsive impulse during forward hop-out (ρ = 0.442); however, none of the eight prespecified strength–performance correlations was statistically significant either before or after Holm adjustment. Median asymmetry differed across domains, reaching 20.9% for temporal control and stabilization and 14.7% for directional braking, compared with 9.9% for strength and 6.2% for vertical performance. Fifty percent of players had a median multidirectional-task asymmetry ≥20%. The operated limb contributed 49.9–53.0% of the total output during bilateral tasks. Conclusions: The absence of significant group-level differences in isokinetic strength and vertical jump outcomes did not exclude asymmetries in directional braking and stabilization. Isokinetic, vertical, and multidirectional assessments provide complementary, non-interchangeable information after ACLR. Multidirectional testing may therefore provide additional information on movement strategies that is not captured by strength and vertical jump tests alone.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Hand Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland",
    "Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, University of Szczecin, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland",
    "Oleksy Medical & Sport Sciences, 37-100 Łańcut, Poland",
    "Institute of Clinical Rehabilitation, University of Physical Culture in Kraków, 31-571 Kraków, Poland",
    "Faculty of Physical Culture Sciences, Collegium Medicum, University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland",
    "Institute of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences and Psychology, Collegium Medicum, University Center for Research and Development in Health Sciences, University of Rzeszów, 35-315 Rzeszów, Poland",
    "Physiotherapy Research Laboratory, University Centre of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland",
    "Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Medical and Dentistry Faculty, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland",
    "Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw, 01-815 Warsaw, Poland"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 10,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Łukasz Oleksy",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0589-0554"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Anna Mika",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4366-5091"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Maciej Kuchciak",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-3779-4444"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Miłosz Szczudło",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-0880-1905"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Paulina Ciepiela",
      "orcid": "0009-0006-4945-2341"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Maciej Daszkiewicz",
      "orcid": "0009-0008-0135-2696"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "Artur Stolarczyk",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5633-8153"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "Olga Adamska"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Paweł Reichert",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0271-4950"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Renata Kielnar"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ah2xs8hv2rqz7.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/jcm15218233",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "ah2xs8hv2rqz7",
  "issns": [
    "2077-0383"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/15/21/8233",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2746|Knee injuries and reconstruction techniques"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223260767",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-22",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ah2xs8hv2rqz7.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:01Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/jcm15218233",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/15/21/8233"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2746|Knee injuries and reconstruction techniques",
      "subfield": "surgery"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Isokinetic Knee Strength and Multidirectional Jump-Landing Asymmetry in Professional Football Players After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Study",
  "title_text": "Isokinetic Knee Strength and Multidirectional Jump-Landing Asymmetry in Professional Football Players After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Study",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:20:01Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ah2xs8hv2rqz7",
  "venue": "Journal of Clinical Medicine",
  "versions": []
}