{
  "abstract": "Social decision-making is central to successful reintegration following incarceration, yet whether imprisonment changes how people treat individuals with versus without a criminal history remains unclear. In this preregistered longitudinal study, newly detained (incoming, n = 34) and newly released (outgoing, n = 13) individuals completed a social decision task with EEG at three sessions over eight months, choosing whether to direct prosocial or antisocial actions toward characters described as having an incarceration history (here termed incarceration-history targets) or not (community targets). Frontal midline theta (FMθ) was recorded as an index of choice-related conflict. Prison-climate and quality-of-life measures were also collected. Across groups, participants identified more strongly with (formerly) incarcerated individuals, yet directed more antisocial intentions toward incarceration-history targets and more prosocial intentions toward community targets. Incoming participants showed a reduction in prosocial community intentions after four months that rebounded by eight months. Incoming participants showed higher FMθ than outgoing participants early in incarceration, with a progressive reduction over time in all groups, consistent with reduced decision conflict. Exploratory analyses linked social intentions to prison-environment and well-being factors. Because the target types differed in criminal history and, inevitably, in how positively they were described, these effects are best understood as responses to stigma linked with incarceration-history rather than to group membership. These findings suggest that incarceration and release involve distinct adaptations in social decision-making toward (ex-)prisoners, with dissociable behavioural and neural markers.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Victoria RAMBAUD"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ilke Veeckman"
    },
    {
      "name": "Louis Favril"
    },
    {
      "name": "Tom Vander Beken"
    },
    {
      "name": "Emilie Caspar"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ak0trjb58kjrv.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/4mhpd_v1",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "ak0trjb58kjrv",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/4mhpd_v1/",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "bepress",
      "Behavioral Neuroscience"
    ],
    [
      "bepress",
      "Cognitive Psychology"
    ],
    [
      "bepress",
      "Neuroscience"
    ],
    [
      "bepress",
      "Prosocial Behavior"
    ],
    [
      "bepress",
      "Social and Behavioral Sciences"
    ],
    [
      "bepress",
      "Social and Personality Psychology"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": "https://osf.io/4mhpd/download",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-11-04",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ak0trjb58kjrv.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-05T12:21:13Z",
      "native_id": "4mhpd",
      "source": "osf",
      "url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/4mhpd_v1/"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "bepress:Neuroscience",
      "subfield": "neuroscience"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Do Incarceration and Release Change How People Treat Those With a Criminal History? Longitudinal Behavioural and Neural Evidence.",
  "title_text": "Do Incarceration and Release Change How People Treat Those With a Criminal History? Longitudinal Behavioural and Neural Evidence.",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-05T12:21:13Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ak0trjb58kjrv",
  "venue": "PsyArXiv",
  "versions": []
}