{
  "abstract": "Magnetic skyrmions are promising information carriers for nanoscale spintronic devices, but their use in confined structures requires control of both topological survival and current-driven motion. We investigate perpendicular magnetic anisotropy engineering in a Z-junction nanotrack using micromagnetic simulations. The anisotropy is varied from 0.70 to 1.00 MJ/m3 at 300 K for a junction depth of 50 nm, junction width of 5 nm, and pulsed current density of 1.8 × 1012 A/m2. Five independent thermal realisations are considered for each finite-temperature condition. No annihilation is observed for Ku = 0.70–0.90 MJ/m3 during the 63 ns observation interval, whereas all five realisations at 0.95 and 1.00 MJ/m3 undergo annihilation within approximately 9–10 ns. The 0.90 MJ/m3 case remains topologically intact despite strong compression. Additional in-plane mesh refinements reproduce survival at 0.90 MJ/m3 and annihilation at 1.00 MJ/m3. The selected compact reference condition Ku = 0.85 MJ/m3 is then examined from 0 to 500 K, with a deterministic reference at 0 K. The trajectories show preservation of the skyrmion-like topological state within the available observations, together with temperature-dependent positional, radial, and velocity variations. These results distinguish finite-time topological survival from dynamical reproducibility. The temperature sweep describes thermal-noise effects within a fixed-parameter model; it does not establish a thermally activated lifetime, a universal optimal anisotropy, or an experimental device operating-temperature range.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, A’Sharqiyah University, P.O. Box 42, Ibra PC 400, Oman",
    "Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile",
    "Centro de Investigación Institucional, Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins, Santiago 8370993, Chile",
    "Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Viña del Mar, Agua Santa 7055, Rodelillo, Viña del Mar 2572007, Chile",
    "Department of Physics, University of Santiago de Chile, Av. Victor Jara 3493, Santiago 9170124, Metropolitan Region, Chile",
    "Vicerrectoría de Investigación, Innovación y Postgrado, Universidad Central de Chile, Toesca 1783, Santiago 8370178, Metropolitan Region, Chile"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 7,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Mohammed Al Bahri",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6051-5143"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Salim Al-Kamiyani",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8424-4496"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "David Laroze",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-6487-8096"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Alexis Matheu",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7859-9039"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Tamara González-Vega",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8120-1231"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Eduardo Saavedra",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2842-2526"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Felipe Tejo",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-7457-7281"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/akhw9wqxwmcpr.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/nano16211432",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "akhw9wqxwmcpr",
  "issns": [
    "2079-4991"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/16/21/1432",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-11-05",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/akhw9wqxwmcpr.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-06T00:21:10Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/nano16211432",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/16/21/1432"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "issn:2079-4991",
      "subfield": "materials-polymers"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy Engineering for Skyrmion Thermal Stability and Pulsed-Current-Driven Dynamics in a Z-Junction Nanotrack",
  "title_text": "Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy Engineering for Skyrmion Thermal Stability and Pulsed-Current-Driven Dynamics in a Z-Junction Nanotrack",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-07T00:21:08Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/akhw9wqxwmcpr",
  "venue": "Nanomaterials",
  "versions": []
}