{
  "abstract": "A significant challenge for improving the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy is the concurrent activation of Tregs, which can dampen antitumor responses. Thus, elucidating the mechanisms that maintain Treg-suppressive function within the tumor microenvironment is critical. Here, we identified an accumulation of N-acetyltransferase 10-modified (NAT10-modified) RNA, particularly in NAT10+FOXP3+ Tregs, in human non-small cell lung cancer. Genetic ablation of Nat10 in tumor-infiltrating (TI) Tregs, or pharmacological inhibition of NAT10 expression, significantly reduced the PD-1+ Treg/CD8+ T cell ratio. These effects were accompanied by an increase in IFN-γ+ Tregs, a reduction in the immunosuppressive activity of Tregs, and inhibition of tumor progression. Mechanistically, NAT10 promotes TI Treg infiltration and activation independently of its RNA-modifying function by directly interacting with FOXP3 and chromatin, modulating local 3D chromatin contacts. Combined administration of anti-PD-1 antibodies and a NAT10 inhibitor further impaired TI Treg-mediated immunosuppression, leading to enhanced tumor control. Our findings demonstrate that NAT10 is a key regulator of TI Treg fragility and function and that its inhibition may enhance the therapeutic efficacy of ICB.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "State Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.",
    "Guangzhou National Laboratory, Xing Dao Huan Bei Road, Guangzhou International Bio Island, Guangzhou, China.",
    "Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of Institute of Health and Medicine (IHM), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.",
    "Department of Chest Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.",
    "Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.",
    "Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.",
    "Guangzhou Medical University–Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory for Cell Fate Regulation and Diseases, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.",
    "Center for Immune-related Disease at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.",
    "Department of Geriatrics, Gerontology Institute of Anhui Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.",
    "State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.",
    "Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 23,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xuewei Qi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Dan Cui"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Xiao Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Wenfan Fu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Handong Ma"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Wenting Guo"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jiabao Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jiaxi Song"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jiaxin Ma"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jing Yang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Haoyu Yu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yuting Hong"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Qian Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Susu Luo"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Jia Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Baixing Wu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Shanshan Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "Hao Cheng"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "Min Cheng"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "Bin Li",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7640-8884"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Kaiming Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        9
      ],
      "name": "Jia Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        10
      ],
      "name": "Fengyin Li"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/am0vhtb7yjenv.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1172/jci189034",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13722382",
  "id": "am0vhtb7yjenv",
  "issns": [
    "0021-9738",
    "1558-8238"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42969236",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Research Article"
    ],
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      "openalex",
      "2730|Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers"
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  "openalex": "W7225043842",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13722382?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13722382",
  "pmid": "42969236",
  "published": "2026-11-02",
  "publisher": "American Society for Clinical Investigation",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/am0vhtb7yjenv.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-03T15:20:53Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42969236",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42969236"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-04T12:22:00Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13722382",
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      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1172/jci189034"
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2730|Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers",
      "subfield": "oncology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Targeting N-acetyltransferase 10 reprograms Treg function to enhance anti-PD-1 immunotherapy sensitivity in murine lung tumors.",
  "title_text": "Targeting N-acetyltransferase 10 reprograms Treg function to enhance anti-PD-1 immunotherapy sensitivity in murine lung tumors.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-05T12:20:12Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/am0vhtb7yjenv",
  "venue": "The Journal of clinical investigation",
  "versions": []
}