{
  "abstract": "Mid-infrared (MIR) lasers operating in the 2–6[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m region are important for spectroscopy, sensing, communications, medicine, lidar, and electro-optical applications. Chalcogenide glasses and glass–ceramics are attractive MIR gain-media candidates because of their broad infrared transparency and low-phonon-energy hosts. This review focuses on recent progress in chalcogenide glasses and glass–ceramics toward practical MIR laser operation. Rare-earth-doped glasses and fibers are discussed from early MIR emission studies to recent Tb[Formula: see text]-, Ce[Formula: see text]-, and Pr[Formula: see text]-based laser demonstrations, with particular attention to low-loss fibers. For rare-earth-doped glass–ceramics, dopant partitioning among nanocrystals and glass–crystal interfaces is examined as a key factor governing spectroscopic performance. Transition-metal-doped systems, including Cr[Formula: see text]-, Co[Formula: see text]-, Fe[Formula: see text]-, and Ni[Formula: see text]-activated materials, are reviewed with emphasis on crystal-field engineering and crystallization-induced optical loss. Bulk, fiber, waveguide, and microcavity platforms are further compared in terms of gain–loss balance and their suitability for practical MIR laser operation.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Laser Materials and Devices, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, P. R. China"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yuhang Zhao"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Chenyue Xiao"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xiaosong Lu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Zhiyong Yang"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/amzty3qhqfxsw.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1142/s2010135x26400102",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.worldscientific.com/doi/10.1142/S2010135X26400102",
  "id": "amzty3qhqfxsw",
  "issns": [
    "2010-1368",
    "2010-135X"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1142/s2010135x26400102",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "lcc",
      "QC501-721"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2503|Glass properties and applications"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7213542615",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-26",
  "publisher": "World Scientific Publishing",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/amzty3qhqfxsw.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T13:47:26Z",
      "native_id": "00885b255ebf42d780d2b895b2c1980f",
      "source": "doaj",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1142/s2010135x26400102"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "openalex:2503|Glass properties and applications",
      "subfield": "materials-polymers"
    }
  ],
  "title": "From mid-infrared luminescence to laser gain in chalcogenide glasses and glass-ceramics",
  "title_text": "From mid-infrared luminescence to laser gain in chalcogenide glasses and glass-ceramics",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-31T14:21:09Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/amzty3qhqfxsw",
  "venue": "Journal of Advanced Dielectrics",
  "versions": []
}