{
  "abstract": "Urban air pollution has driven the use of photocatalytic concrete for pavement applications, in which nano-ZnO has emerged as an alternative to nano-TiO2. However, its higher solubility raises concerns regarding the release of Zn2+ into the aquatic environment. In this context, this study evaluated whether the incorporation of nano-ZnO, at a proportion of 9% relative to the mass of Portland cement, increases the toxicity of pavement concrete leachates toward D. magna, compared to conventional concrete. The nano-ZnO powder was physicochemically characterized (XRD, EDXRF, TEM, FTIR, TG/DTG, and colloidal behavior), and the leachates from the conventional and 9% nano-ZnO concretes, obtained by an accelerated TCLP-based leaching of crushed concrete, were characterized by ICP-MS and FTIR. Acute (48 h) and chronic (21 days) toxicity were evaluated for the nano-ZnO powder, for the reference leachate (conventional concrete; data from our previous study), and for the leachate from the nano-modified concrete. ICP-MS indicated that at most ~0.07–0.08% of the total incorporated zinc was leached, and no Zn–O band was detected by FTIR in the freeze-dried leachates, which is consistent with, although it does not prove, the retention of ZnO in the cementitious matrix. In the acute assay, the EC50, 48 h of the nano-modified leachate (10.5% v/v of the concentrated extract) did not differ significantly from that of the reference leachate (10.4% v/v; EC50 ratio 1.01, 95% CI 0.87–1.17) and was not attributable to dissolved zinc alone. In a 21-day assay based on OECD TG 211, the nano-modified leachate caused no adverse effect on longevity, size, reproduction, or age at first brood up to the highest concentration tested, whereas the reference leachate caused a slight reduction in size. Overall, nano-ZnO incorporation did not produce additional toxicity toward D. magna under the tested conditions.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rua Engenheiro Agronômico Andrei Cristian Ferreira, Trindade, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil",
    "Department of Civil Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rua Engenheiro Agronômico Andrei Cristian Ferreira, Trindade, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 3,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Fernanda Facin"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "João Victor Staub de Melo",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-1911-9146"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "William Gerson Matias",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2386-0578"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/an4nte00e0g0b.bib",
  "cited_by": 1,
  "doi": "10.3390/nano16191265",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13666886/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "an4nte00e0g0b",
  "issns": [
    "2079-4991"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13666886",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2307|Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7220833844",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13666886/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13666886",
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-01",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/an4nte00e0g0b.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:31Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13666886",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13666886"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:45Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/nano16191265",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/16/19/1265"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2307|Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology",
      "subfield": "pharmacology-toxicology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Leaching, Acute and Chronic Toxicity of Nano-ZnO Incorporated into Photocatalytic Concrete for Pavement Applications Toward Daphnia magna",
  "title_text": "Leaching, Acute and Chronic Toxicity of Nano-ZnO Incorporated into Photocatalytic Concrete for Pavement Applications Toward Daphnia magna",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:45Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/an4nte00e0g0b",
  "venue": "Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)",
  "versions": []
}