{
  "abstract": "Group VII ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTORs (ERFVIIs) are central regulators of plant responses to oxygen deprivation. However, the contributions of many other APETALA2 (AP2)/ERF transcription factors to hypoxia and flooding responses remain poorly understood. Here, we identify the group X ERF transcription factor RAP2.6 as a negative regulator of submergence tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. RAP2.6 expression declined under hypoxia, and plants overexpressing RAP2.6 exhibited reduced survival following dark submergence, whereas the rap2.6-1 loss-of-function mutant showed enhanced tolerance to submergence, hypoxia, and ethanol treatment. Enhanced tolerance of rap2.6-1 was associated with reduced membrane injury, maintenance of photosynthetic pigments and soluble sugars, and extensive metabolic remodeling. RAP2.6 overexpression altered nitric oxide (NO), S-nitrosothiol (SNO), and ethylene accumulation during submergence and was associated with greater oxidative damage and enhanced abscisic acid (ABA)-responsive gene expression. Genetic analyses using S-NITROSOGLUTATHIONE (GSNO) REDUCTASE 1 (GSNOR1) gain- and loss-of-function backgrounds demonstrated that GSNOR1-dependent GSNO homeostasis strongly modified RAP2.6-dependent submergence responses. Increased GSNOR1 activity suppressed the submergence-sensitive phenotype of RAP2.6-overexpressing plants, reduced nitro-oxidative stress, and restored carbohydrate reserves, whereas loss of GSNOR1 activity abolished the enhanced tolerance of rap2.6-1. GSNOR1 also modified RAP2.6-dependent expression of genes associated with oxygen sensing and ABA signaling, while its protective effect was not explained solely by changes in ethylene accumulation. Together, these findings identify RAP2.6 as a regulatory component of the low-oxygen response and reveal a functional interaction between RAP2.6 and GSNOR1-dependent redox signaling that coordinates plant hormonal, metabolic, and oxidative responses during submergence.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea"
  ],
  "article_type": "New results",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 14,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "A. K. Das"
    },
    {
      "name": "M. G. Mostofa"
    },
    {
      "name": "D.-S. Lee"
    },
    {
      "name": "R. A. Mahmood"
    },
    {
      "name": "R. Alam"
    },
    {
      "name": "A. Hussain"
    },
    {
      "name": "N. J. Methela"
    },
    {
      "name": "Y.-J. Woo"
    },
    {
      "name": "S. Sultana"
    },
    {
      "name": "C.-W. Park"
    },
    {
      "name": "B.-G. Mun"
    },
    {
      "name": "I.-j. Lee"
    },
    {
      "name": "S. Kim"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "B.-W. Yun"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/arezf9efzexvq.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.64898/2026.10.25.761742",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.25.761742v1.full",
  "id": "arezf9efzexvq",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.25.761742v1",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "biorxiv",
      "plant biology"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "1110|Plant responses to water stress"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7224087934",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.25.761742v1.full.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-25",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/arezf9efzexvq.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:29:58Z",
      "native_id": "10.64898/2026.10.25.761742",
      "source": "biorxiv",
      "url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.25.761742v1"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "biorxiv:plant biology",
      "subfield": "plant-biology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "RAP2.6 negatively regulates Arabidopsis submergence tolerance through GSNOR1-dependent redox and hormonal signaling",
  "title_text": "RAP2.6 negatively regulates Arabidopsis submergence tolerance through GSNOR1-dependent redox and hormonal signaling",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:29:58Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/arezf9efzexvq",
  "venue": "bioRxiv",
  "versions": []
}