{
  "abstract": "Cryogenic buffer-gas cells are widely used to produce cold molecular beams, but the microscopic dynamics governing beam formation remain challenging to model. Here we present fully kinetic simulations of a cryogenic buffer-gas cell using the Direct Simulation Monte Carlo method implemented in the PICLas framework, treating the buffer gas and ablated molecules within a single unified model. We capture characteristic features of cryogenic buffer-gas sources, including plume cooling, directed transport toward the aperture, and the formation of a slow molecular beam, while also resolving energy transfer from the hot ablation plume to the helium buffer gas that is inaccessible to existing approaches relying on the background-gas approximation. Our results demonstrate that fully kinetic simulations can provide detailed insights into buffer-gas cell dynamics and open a route toward a systematic optimization of such sources.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2609.11544",
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Ekkehard Steinmacher"
    },
    {
      "name": "Phillip Groß"
    },
    {
      "name": "Franziska Tuttas"
    },
    {
      "name": "Marcel Pfeiffer"
    },
    {
      "name": "Tim Langen"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/argqzrdjer36w.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2609.11544",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "argqzrdjer36w",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.11544",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "LicenseRef-arXiv-nonexclusive-1.0",
  "licence_label": "arXiv licence",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "physics.atom-ph"
    ],
    [
      "arxiv",
      "physics.chem-ph"
    ],
    [
      "arxiv",
      "physics.comp-ph"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2604|Gas Dynamics and Kinetic Theory"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7212221909",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.11544",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-10",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/argqzrdjer36w.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:26Z",
      "native_id": "2609.11544",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.11544"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "arxiv:physics.chem-ph",
      "subfield": "physical"
    },
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:physics.atom-ph",
      "subfield": "amo"
    },
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:physics.comp-ph",
      "subfield": "computational"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Kinetic modeling of molecular beam formation in a cryogenic buffer-gas cell",
  "title_text": "Kinetic modeling of molecular beam formation in a cryogenic buffer-gas cell",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:20:26Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/argqzrdjer36w",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}