{
  "abstract": "Background\n\nHeart failure (HF) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Saudi Arabia. Despite remarkable progress in guideline-directed medical therapy, a significant proportion of patients progress to advanced HF and require evaluation for heart transplantation or mechanical circulatory support (MCS). In response to this growing burden, the Saudi Heart Association (SHA) developed recommendations to guide identification, timely referral, and optimal management of candidates for advanced HF therapies in Saudi Arabia.Methods\n\nA multidisciplinary panel of 10 HF experts from Saudi Arabia convened for a series of structured virtual meetings to review local and international evidence. The panel integrated Saudi-specific clinical practice patterns and healthcare considerations into the deliberation process. Consensus was achieved through discussion and majority agreement. Recommendations were formulated using the SHA methodology, supported by a comprehensive literature review of published evidence.Results and conclusions\n\nThe SHA consensus establishes a structured, comprehensive framework for recognizing advanced HF, optimizing guideline-directed therapy, and determining candidacy for heart transplantation or MCS in tertiary and quaternary centers in Saudi Arabia. The document emphasizes timely prognostic stratification using clinical indicators and standardized tools such as INTERMACS and SCAI classifications. Referral pathways and multidisciplinary coordination are delineated to facilitate efficient evaluation and timely intervention. These recommendations aim to minimize delays in referral, expand access to advanced HF therapies and improve patient outcomes across Saudi Arabia.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Cardiac Sciences at King Faisal Cardiac Centre, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.",
    "King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.",
    "King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, (COM-WR), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.",
    "Department of Cardiology, Advanced Heart Failure, King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.",
    "Department of Advanced Heart Failure and Cardiovascular Echocardiography, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.",
    "Department of Nursing Services, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.",
    "Department of Adult Cardiology, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.",
    "Department of Cardiac Surgery, Al Faisal University, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.",
    "Department of Cardiac Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.",
    "Department of Cardiac Surgery, King Salman Heart Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.",
    "Department of Cardiology, Prince Sultan Cardiac Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.",
    "Department of Cardiac Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 10,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Ibrahim Jelaidan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Abeer Bakhsh"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Ammar G Chaudhary"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Ebtisam Alkhattaby"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Fahmi AlKaf"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "Feras Khaliel"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "Ismail Raslan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        9
      ],
      "name": "Mohammed Alreshidan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        10
      ],
      "name": "Mosaad Alhussein"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        11
      ],
      "name": "Waleed Alhabeeb"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/arr4t12cex27r.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.37616/2212-5043.1509",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13680003",
  "id": "arr4t12cex27r",
  "issns": [
    "1016-7315",
    "2212-5043"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42899058",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2705|Heart Failure Treatment and Management"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7171397960",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13680003?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13680003",
  "pmid": "42899058",
  "published": "2026-07-09",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/arr4t12cex27r.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:42Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42899058",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42899058"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2705|Heart Failure Treatment and Management",
      "subfield": "cardiovascular"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Position Statement by the Saudi Heart Failure Working Group of the Saudi Heart Association on the Management of Advanced Heart Failure in Saudi Arabia.",
  "title_text": "Position Statement by the Saudi Heart Failure Working Group of the Saudi Heart Association on the Management of Advanced Heart Failure in Saudi Arabia.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:19:42Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/arr4t12cex27r",
  "venue": "Journal of the Saudi Heart Association",
  "versions": []
}