{
  "abstract": "Objectives: To compare the real-life impact of various anti-RSV strategies on bronchiolitis visits to pediatric emergency departments (PEDs) across Europe.\n\nMethods: We performed a quasi-experimental controlled interrupted time-series analysis including all bronchiolitis cases in infants under one year presenting to 28 PEDs in 13 European countries between 01/01/18 and 31/03/25. Five strategies were compared: early nirsevimab with catch-up, late nirsevimab with catch-up, early nirsevimab without catch-up, RSVpreF maternal vaccine, and combined nirsevimab/RSVpreF. Seven centers served as controls. Cumulative changes were pooled using meta-analysis and compared using weighted linear regression, adjusting for coverage. Secondary analyses examined specific age groups, severity, and RSV positivity rate.\n\nResults: A total of 130,562 bronchiolitis visits were included. Impact was highly heterogeneous, ranging from −65% (−81 to − 39) in Luxembourg in 2024–2025 (combined nirsevimab/RSVpreF) to + 11% (−21 to + 56) in London in 2024–2025 (RSVpreF maternal vaccine). The reduction in RSV positivity rate was −44% (−57 to − 30). Adjusted for coverage, the combined nirsevimab/RSVpreF strategy showed the greatest reduction (−42%, −40 to − 32), followed by early nirsevimab with catch-up (−31%, −37 to − 25); the difference was not statistically significant (OR 0.89, 0.76 to 1.01). All other strategies showed significantly lower impact, except for infants under 3 months and hospitalized cases, where no difference was observed across strategies.\n\nConclusions: Different RSV prevention strategies yield significantly different outcomes, underscoring the importance of implementation framework. This study provides real-world comparative evidence to inform national immunization decisions across Europe.\n\nKey messages: • Impact varied across strategies and settings, ranging from −65% to + 11% change in bronchiolitis visits, highlighting that implementation framework is a critical determinant of outcome.\n\n• The combined nirsevimab/RSVpreF and early nirsevimab with catch-up strategies demonstrated the greatest reductions. Overall, target population and timing of implementation emerged as key drivers.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": "abstract",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "L Lenglart"
    },
    {
      "name": "L Titomanlio"
    },
    {
      "name": "RG Nijman"
    },
    {
      "name": "N Ouldali"
    },
    {
      "name": "E Study group"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/arzncdx8a1wp7.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.461",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13697676/",
  "id": "arzncdx8a1wp7",
  "issns": [
    "1101-1262",
    "1464-360X"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.461",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "3. PARALLEL PROGRAMME"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "AcademicSubjects/MED00860"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "AcademicSubjects/SOC01210"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "AcademicSubjects/SOC02610"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "K.8. Oral presentations: Vaccination, modelling and workforce health"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2713|Respiratory viral infections research"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223656380",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13697676/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13697676",
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-01",
  "publisher": "Oxford University Press",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/arzncdx8a1wp7.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:41Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13697676",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.461"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:21:47Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13697676",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13697676"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2713|Respiratory viral infections research",
      "subfield": "epidemiology-public-health"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Impact of anti-RSV strategies on bronchiolitis across Europe, an interrupted time series analysis",
  "title_text": "Impact of anti-RSV strategies on bronchiolitis across Europe, an interrupted time series analysis",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:34:40Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/arzncdx8a1wp7",
  "venue": "The European Journal of Public Health",
  "versions": []
}