{
  "abstract": "Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and related human coronaviruses (hCoVs) regulate host gene expression to facilitate viral replication and evade innate immunity. SARS-CoV-2 nonstructural protein 1 (Nsp1) suppresses host gene expression in part by inhibiting cellular mRNA nuclear export through targeting the mRNA export factor NXF1. However, whether this mechanism is conserved among Nsp1 proteins from diverse hCoVs remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that Nsp1 proteins from SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, and MERS-CoV, but not those from endemic hCoVs, induce pronounced nuclear accumulation of host poly(A) RNA without altering global transcript levels. Nsp1 proteins from these highly pathogenic hCoVs directly interact with NXF1, whereas endemic hCoV Nsp1 proteins show little or no detectable NXF1 interaction. Structural modeling and mutagenesis identify a conserved N-terminal acidic patch in Nsp1 that contacts the basic surface of the NXF1 RNA recognition motif. Disruption of this interface abolishes the Nsp1-NXF1 interaction and restores host mRNA export while preserving NXF1 interactions with core mRNA export factors. Together, our findings define a conserved structural mechanism by which highly pathogenic hCoV Nsp1 targets NXF1 to inhibit host mRNA export and provide a potential framework for broad-spectrum antiviral intervention.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Ruijin Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China.",
    "Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.",
    "University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.",
    "Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200437, China.",
    "Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China.",
    "Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China.",
    "Shanghai Institute of Virology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 16,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Fei Wang",
      "orcid": "0009-0007-7738-9578"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Baoyin Su"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Ziyan Huang",
      "orcid": "0009-0006-7271-0425"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Ziyun Cheng"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Chunhui Chang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Yunjiao Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Leer Shen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Ziyue Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Jing Zhang",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4024-155X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Xiaohua Chen",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-6688-1731"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Jiaming Lan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yaming Jiu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Xun Chen",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-0327-1888"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Juan Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Chengyuan Wang",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8605-0716"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Ke Zhang"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/asdz6qjfv9sss.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/v18101157",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13709700",
  "id": "asdz6qjfv9sss",
  "issns": [
    "1999-4915"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42944076",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2725|SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7222917664",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13709700?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13709700",
  "pmid": "42944076",
  "published": "2026-10-18",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/asdz6qjfv9sss.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:22:12Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42944076",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42944076"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2725|SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research",
      "subfield": "infectious-disease"
    }
  ],
  "title": "An N-Terminal Acidic Patch Underlies Differential Inhibition of mRNA Nuclear Export by Human Coronavirus Nsp1 Proteins.",
  "title_text": "An N-Terminal Acidic Patch Underlies Differential Inhibition of mRNA Nuclear Export by Human Coronavirus Nsp1 Proteins.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:22:12Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/asdz6qjfv9sss",
  "venue": "Viruses",
  "versions": []
}