{
  "abstract": "Stellar X-ray emission serves as a direct diagnostic of coronal activity, which is fundamentally linked to coronal heating processes. It also strongly influences the atmospheres and long-term habitability of orbiting exoplanets. Investigating how this high-energy emission evolves is therefore essential for understanding the evolution of stellar magnetic dynamos and planetary atmospheres and habitability. In this work, we investigate the evolution of X-ray activity and XUV irradiation for a sample of F-M dwarf stars based on Chandra and XMM-Newton observations. We find that F- and G-type stars broadly follow the traditional evolutionary picture of an early saturated (or weakly declining) phase followed by a modest decline, whereas K- and M-type stars exhibit a clear three-phase evolution of a saturated phase, an intermediate phase of rapid decay, and a final modest decline phase. By combining X-ray, ultraviolet, and Ca II H&K bands, we show that coronal emission becomes increasingly dominant toward lower-mass stars. Based on the cumulative XUV emission calculated from our fitted relation, planets around F- and G-type stars experience relatively moderate XUV environments, while those around K- and M-type stars may exceed the empirical cosmic shoreline shortly after reaching the main sequence, though this conclusion depends on the adopted shoreline value.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2608.29248",
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Xue Li"
    },
    {
      "name": "Song Wang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Henggeng Han"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jun Ma"
    },
    {
      "name": "Yang Huang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jifeng Liu"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/avdxt5c3fzy1x.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2608.29248",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "avdxt5c3fzy1x",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.29248",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "astro-ph.EP"
    ],
    [
      "arxiv",
      "astro-ph.SR"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "3103|Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7204971273",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2608.29248",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-08-29",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/avdxt5c3fzy1x.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:41Z",
      "native_id": "2608.29248",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.29248"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "arxiv:astro-ph.EP",
      "subfield": "planetary"
    },
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "arxiv:astro-ph.SR",
      "subfield": "stellar"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Evolution of Stellar Activity and Habitable Zone (EATEN): III. X-ray Activity of Dwarfs in Open Clusters and Field Stars",
  "title_text": "Evolution of Stellar Activity and Habitable Zone (EATEN): III. X-ray Activity of Dwarfs in Open Clusters and Field Stars",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:17:41Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/avdxt5c3fzy1x",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}